INTERNATIONAL^ 400 COMMONWEALTH DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15096-0001 U.S.A. Physical and Chemical Properties of a Typical Automatic Transmission Fluid Steven P. Kemp Hydra-matic Div. General Motors Corp. James L. Linden Fuels and Lubricants Dept. General Motors Research Laboratories International Fuels and Lubricants Meeting and Exposition Tulsa, Oklahoma October 22-25,1990 Downloaded from SAE International by North Carolina State Univ, Friday, September 14, 2018The appearance of the ISSN code at the bottom of this page indicates SAE's consent that copies of the paper may be made for personal or internal use of speclic clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay a $!5.OO per article copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., Operations Center, 27 Congress St., Salem, MA 01 970for copying beyondthat permitted by Sections 107or 108dthe U.S. Copyright Law. Thisconsent does not extend to other kinds of copying such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. SAE routinely stodcs printed papers for a period of three years following date of publication. Direct your orders to SAE Customer Service Department. To obtain quantity reprint rates, permission to reprint a technical paper or permission to use copyrighted SAE publications in other works, contact the SAE Publications Group. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior writ- ten permission of the publisher. ISSN 01 48-71 91 Copyright 1990 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. Positions and opinions advanced in this paper are those of the Persons wishing to submit papers to be considered for presen- author(s) and not necessarily those of SAE. The author is solely tation or publication through SAE should send the manuscript responsible for the content of the paper. A process is available or a 300 word abstract of a proposed manuscript to: Secretary, by which discussions will be printed with the paper if it is Engineering Activity Board, SAE. published in SAE Transactions. For permission to publish this paper in full or in part, contact the SAE Publications Division. Rinted in USA Downloaded from SAE International by North Carolina State Univ, Friday, September 14, 2018Physical and Chemical Properties of a Typical Automatic Transmission Fluid Steven P. Kemp Hydra-matic Div. General Motors Corp. James L. Linden Fuels and Lubricants Dept. General Motors Research Laboratories ABSTRACT Twenty-two physical and chemical properties of a typical automatic transmission fluid were determined. In most cases the properties were determined over a range of temperatures. In general, air solubility, volumetric thermal expansion, and specific heat increase with increasing temperature; whereas, surface tension, specific gravity, viscosity, bulk modulus, density, thermal conductivity, and electrical resistivity decrease with increasing temperature. THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of automatic transmission fluid (ATF) are important transmission design criteria. Fluid properties significantly affect the performance of the transmission. ATF functions as a lubricant, a hydraulic fluid, and a power and heat transfer medium. How well the automatic transmission fluid performs these functions is dependent upon properties of the fluid. However, many of the physical and chemical properties are not contained in a single document that would be readily available to the transmission designer. The data for these properties are critical to both the transmission designer and the plant process engineer. Momentum transfer (fluid flow) and heat transfer calculations cannot be solved without the physical properties of the fluid involved; and knowing the chemical properties is important to guard against incompatibilities between the flui