AWS C3.14M/C3.14:2020 An American National Standard Standard Method for Evaluation of Brazed Joints Using Visual and Metallographic Techniques ANSI AWS American Welding Society AWS C3.14M/C3.14:2020 An American National Standard Approved by the American National Standards Institute January 31, 2020 Standard Method for Evaluation of Brazed Joints Using Visual and Metallographic Techniques 1st Edition Prepared by the American Welding Society (AWS) C3 Committee on Brazing and Soldering Under the Direction of the AWS Technical Activities Committee Approved by the AWS Board of Directors Abstract This standard describes and illustrates the test methods used to obtain informationrelated to brazed jointquality and structural integrity. Verification methods include visual observation, as well as metallography of such parameters as brazewetting,brazejointerosion,brazingfillermetalpenetration,differencesbetweenexcesswetting,lackofwetting and dewetting,and formation of voids,cracks,and features which may bedetrimental to end use.Additionally,methods to determine diffusion of braze alloying elements and procedures to qualify such methods are described. Photographs il- lustratingvisual inspection,schematicillustrations,andphotomicrographs illustratingvariousaspectsof brazed jointin- tegrity are presented. American Welding Society AWS C3.14M/C3.14:2020 ISBN Print: 978-1-64322-101-4 ISBN PDF: 978-1-64322-102-1 2020 by American Welding Society All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Photocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the internal, personal, or educational classroom use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Internet: <www.copyright.com>. : AWS C3.14M/C3.14:2020 Statement on the Use of American Welding Society Standards All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American Welding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI).WhenAWSAmericanNational Standards areeitherincorporatedin,or madepartof,documentsthatareincluded infederal or statelawsandregulations,ortheregulations of othergovernmental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AwS standards mustbeapprovedbythegovernmentalbodyhavingstatutoryjurisdictionbeforetheycanbecomeapartofthoselaws andregulations.In all cases,these standardscarrythefull legal authority of the contractorotherdocumentthat invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standardmustbebyagreementbetweenthecontractingparties. AwS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings togethervolunteersrepresentingvaried viewpointsandinterests to achieve consensus.WhileAWSadministerstheprocess and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards. AwS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this standard. AwS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein. In issuing an