论文标题
多面常识知识的共同推理
Joint Reasoning for Multi-Faceted Commonsense Knowledge
论文作者
论文摘要
常识知识(CSK)支持从视觉理解到聊天机器人的各种AI应用程序。以前的CSK(例如ConceptNet)的先前工作已经编制了将概念(如日常对象或活动)与大多数或某些概念实例相关的属性关联的陈述。每个概念都与其他概念隔离,而属性的唯一定量度量(或排名)是该陈述有效的置信度评分。本文旨在通过引入CSK语句的多方面模型和与相关陈述集的联合推理的方法来克服这些局限性。我们的模型捕获了CSK语句的四个不同维度:合理性,典型性,出色性和显着性,并沿每个维度进行评分和排名。例如,鬣狗饮用水是典型但不是显着的,而鬣狗吃尸体是显着的。对于推理和排名,我们开发了一种具有软限制的方法,以将有关分类层次结构中相关的概念的推论介绍出来。推理被施加在整数线性编程(ILP)中,我们利用了放松的LP的降低成本理论来计算信息的排名。该方法应用于几个大型CSK集合。我们的评估表明,我们可以将这些输入巩固为更清洁,更具表现力的知识。结果可在https://dice.mpi-inf.mpg.de上找到。
Commonsense knowledge (CSK) supports a variety of AI applications, from visual understanding to chatbots. Prior works on acquiring CSK, such as ConceptNet, have compiled statements that associate concepts, like everyday objects or activities, with properties that hold for most or some instances of the concept. Each concept is treated in isolation from other concepts, and the only quantitative measure (or ranking) of properties is a confidence score that the statement is valid. This paper aims to overcome these limitations by introducing a multi-faceted model of CSK statements and methods for joint reasoning over sets of inter-related statements. Our model captures four different dimensions of CSK statements: plausibility, typicality, remarkability and salience, with scoring and ranking along each dimension. For example, hyenas drinking water is typical but not salient, whereas hyenas eating carcasses is salient. For reasoning and ranking, we develop a method with soft constraints, to couple the inference over concepts that are related in in a taxonomic hierarchy. The reasoning is cast into an integer linear programming (ILP), and we leverage the theory of reduction costs of a relaxed LP to compute informative rankings. This methodology is applied to several large CSK collections. Our evaluation shows that we can consolidate these inputs into much cleaner and more expressive knowledge. Results are available at https://dice.mpi-inf.mpg.de.