论文标题
动力学过渡及其与热力学玻璃物理的关系
Dynamical Phase Transitions and their Relation to Thermodynamic Glass Physics
论文作者
论文摘要
我们回顾了轨迹空间中结构动力学相变的最新发展。一个开放的问题是，玻璃跃迁的动态促进理论如何与热力学理论相结合，这些理论认为消失的构型熵。动态促进理论在活动相位（接近正常液体）和不活跃的相位的动力学相变为玻璃的动态相变，其阶参数为动态或时间平均的结构数量。特别是，具有非平凡热力学的系统的动力相变表现出较低临界点的特征，该标志位于靠近假定的Kauzmann温度，任何热力学相变为理想的玻璃状态。我们讨论了这些发现，并建议结构动力相变的较低临界点可能与在动态相变的不活跃相中发生的构型熵的大量下降有关。因此，增加过冷的使得正常液体的配置熵与温度更低。
We review recent developments in structural-dynamical phase transitions in trajectory space. An open question is how the dynamic facilitation theory of the glass transition may be reconciled with thermodynamic theories that posit a vanishing configurational entropy. Dynamic facilitation theory invokes a dynamical phase transition, between an active phase (close to the normal liquid) and an inactive phase which is glassy, whose order parameter is either dynamic or a time-averaged structural quantity. In particular, the dynamical phase transition in systems with non-trivial thermodynamics manifests signatures of a lower critical point, which lies close to the putative Kauzmann temperature, where any thermodynamic phase transition to an ideal glass state might occur. We discuss these findings, and suggest that the lower critical point of the structural-dynamical phase transition may be related to the large drop in configurational entropy that occurs in the inactive phase of the dynamical phase transition. Increasing supercooling thus brings configurational entropy of the normal liquid much lower, along with the temperature.
