论文标题

使用耀斑街机的多线程模型模拟太阳耀斑辐照度

Simulating Solar Flare Irradiance with Multithreaded Models of Flare Arcades

论文作者

Reep, Jeffrey W., Warren, Harry P., Moore, Christopher S., Suarez, Crisel, Hayes, Laura A.

论文摘要

了解如何在耀斑中释放能量是太阳和恒星天体物理学的中心问题之一。高温耀斑等离子体的观察对于该能量释放的性质有许多潜在的线索。但是,很明显,耀斑不是由一些冲动加热的环组成的,而是许多随着时间的推移充满电的小型螺纹上加热的结果,因此很难详细比较观察值和数值模拟。先前的一些研究表明,可以将耀斑视为一系列独立加热环,可以重现观察到的发射的某些方面,但是这些研究通常集中在小规模的特征上,而忽略了耀斑的全球特征。在本文中,我们开发了一个多线程模型,该模型涵盖了一系列包含街机的连续加热环的时变几何形状和加热速率。为了验证,我们与Minxss Cubesat制成的五种耀斑以及用GOON/XRS和SDO/AIA测量的光曲线进行了比较。我们表明,该模型可以成功地重现goes/xrs中的光曲线和准周期性脉动,使用minxss看到的软X射线光谱以及各种AIA Pass带中的光曲线。 AIA光曲线与长时间加热最一致,但是模型不能限制元素丰度。最后,我们展示了如何使用该模型推断出极端事件的光谱,这些事件可以预测宽阔的波长范围内的辐照度,包括未观察到的波长。

Understanding how energy is released in flares is one of the central problems of solar and stellar astrophysics. Observations of high temperature flare plasma hold many potential clues as to the nature of this energy release. It is clear, however, that flares are not composed of a few impulsively heated loops, but are the result of heating on many small-scale threads that are energized over time, making it difficult to compare observations and numerical simulations in detail. Several previous studies have shown that it is possible to reproduce some aspects of the observed emission by considering the flare as a sequence of independently heated loops, but these studies generally focus on small-scale features while ignoring the global features of the flare. In this paper, we develop a multithreaded model that encompasses the time-varying geometry and heating rate for a series of successively-heated loops comprising an arcade. To validate, we compare with spectral observations of five flares made with the MinXSS CubeSat as well as light curves measured with GOES/XRS and SDO/AIA. We show that this model can successfully reproduce the light curves and quasi-periodic pulsations in GOES/XRS, the soft X-ray spectra seen with MinXSS, and the light curves in various AIA passbands. The AIA light curves are most consistent with long duration heating, but elemental abundances cannot be constrained with the model. Finally, we show how this model can be used to extrapolate to spectra of extreme events that can predict irradiance across a wide wavelength range including unobserved wavelengths.

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