论文标题

在模块化,度性网络中以度为目标的级联

Degree-targeted cascades in modular, degree-heterogeneous networks

论文作者

Snyder, Jordan, Cai, Weiran, D'Souza, Raissa M.

论文摘要

级联激活的动态,例如公众舆论的快速变化和疾病流行病的爆发,对代理人之间的连通性模式具有至关重要的依赖性。我们研究模块化,程度异构网络中的级联动力学,并考虑模块内播种策略对模块间扩散的影响。具体而言,我们确定,尽管激活最高度的节点在本地生长时比随机选择更有效,但无论播种策略如何,级联反应从一个模块到另一个模块都需要一个关键的模块间连接水平。我们提供了该陈述的分析证明,即每个模块具有相同的度分布,并且所有模块对具有相同的模块间连接性,而我们的仿真结果表明其有效性对于更一般的情况,包括模块环。有趣的是,我们发现在由两个模块组成的网络上,该临界级别主要取决于\ emph {alter}模块的程度分布,而不是种子模块。我们的分析方法扩展了Gleeson开发的一种方法,但能够使用每个模块的一个动力变量(即条件暴露概率)捕获不同的播种策略。我们的工作表明,全球级联反应的可能性取决于模块间连接性,而较少取决于模块内播种策略。例如,这表明对模块间连通性的微微变化可能是促进或抑制全球级联反应的可行干预策略。

The dynamics of cascading activation, such as rapid changes in public opinion and the outbreak of disease epidemics, have a crucial dependence on the connectivity patterns among the agents. We study cascading dynamics in modular, degree-heterogeneous networks, and consider the impact of intra-module seeding strategy on inter-module spread. Specifically, we establish that although activating the highest-degree nodes is more effective than random selection at growing a cascade locally, there is a critical level of inter-module connectivity required for a cascade to cross from one module to another, irrespective of the seeding strategy. We present an analytical proof of this statement for the case that each module has the same degree distribution and all module pairs have the same inter-module connectivity, while our simulation results suggest its validity for more general situations, including a ring of modules. Interestingly, we find that on a network comprised of two modules, this critical level is primarily determined by the degree distribution of the \emph{alter} module, as opposed to the seed module. Our analytical approach extends a method developed by Gleeson, but is able to capture different seeding strategies using only one dynamical variable per module, namely the conditional exposure probability. Our work shows that the possibility of a global cascade depends sensitively on inter-module connectivity, and less on the intra-module seeding strategy. This suggests, for example, that slight changes to inter-module connectivity can be a feasible intervention strategy to promote or inhibit global cascades.

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