论文标题
洛克哈特（Lockhart）有一个扭曲：对纤维素微纤维沉积和重新定位进行建模揭示植物细胞生长机制
Lockhart with a twist: modelling cellulose microfibril deposition and reorientation reveals twisting plant cell growth mechanisms
论文作者
论文摘要
植物形态来自细胞的生长和结构。细胞的Turgor驱动的弥散生长可以是高度各向异性的：径向和径向可忽略不计。纤维素微纤维（CMF）确保了这种各向异性，从而在箍方向上加强了细胞壁。为了在生长过程中保持细胞的完整性，必须不断沉积在内的新壁材料。我们开发了一个数学模型，该模型代表细胞为圆柱压力容器，将细胞壁作为纤维增强的粘性片，明确包括CMF沉积的机械敏感角。该模型结合了Turgor，外部力量，CMF重新定位在墙壁延伸过程中的相互作用和矩阵僵硬。使用该模型，我们重新解释了一些最新的实验发现，并重新检查了CMF/微管比对的流行假设。我们探讨了扭曲细胞生长的惯用性如何取决于外部扭矩和内在的壁性能，并发现细胞在某种意义上左右左右扭曲。总体而言，这项研究提供了一个统一的机械框架，用于理解许多植物中所见的左手和右手扭曲的增长。
Plant morphology emerges from cellular growth and structure. The turgor-driven diffuse growth of a cell can be highly anisotropic: significant longitudinally and negligible radially. Such anisotropy is ensured by cellulose microfibrils (CMF) reinforcing the cell wall in the hoop direction. To maintain the cell's integrity during growth, new wall material including CMF must be continually deposited. We develop a mathematical model representing the cell as a cylindrical pressure vessel and the cell wall as a fibre-reinforced viscous sheet, explicitly including the mechano-sensitive angle of CMF deposition. The model incorporates interactions between turgor, external forces, CMF reorientation during wall extension, and matrix stiffening. Using the model, we reinterpret some recent experimental findings, and reexamine the popular hypothesis of CMF/microtubule alignment. We explore how the handedness of twisting cell growth depends on external torque and intrinsic wall properties, and find that cells twist left-handedly `by default' in some suitable sense. Overall, this study provides a unified mechanical framework for understanding left- and right-handed twist-growth as seen in many plants.
