论文标题
月球上的微冷陷阱
Micro Cold Traps on the Moon
论文作者
论文摘要
由于温度极低，水冰被认为被困在月球极区域中的大型永久阴影区域（PSR）中。在这里，我们表明在小空间尺度上存在许多未塑造的冷陷阱，从而大大增加了冰可能积累的区域。使用理论模型和来自月球侦察轨道轨道的数据，我们估计阴影对从1 km降至1厘米的尺度的贡献，这是我们发现冷捕获对水冰有效的最小距离。在这些“微冷陷阱”中发现了约10-20 \％的永久性冷陷阱区域，这是月球上最多的冷陷阱。因此，考虑所有空间尺度的考虑大大增加了冷陷阱的数量，而不是先前的估计数，总面积约为40,000 km^2。在纬度> 80°的纬度上发现了大多数冷陷阱，因为赤道的永久性阴影为80°，通常太热了，无法支撑冰的积累。我们的结果表明，被困在月球杆上的水可能比以前想象的更容易成为未来任务的资源。
Water ice is thought to be trapped in large permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) in the Moon's polar regions, due to their extremely low temperatures. Here, we show that many unmapped cold traps exist on small spatial scales, substantially augmenting the areas where ice may accumulate. Using theoretical models and data from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, we estimate the contribution of shadows on scales from 1 km down to 1 cm, the smallest distance over which we find cold-trapping to be effective for water ice. Approximately 10-20\% of the permanent cold trap area for water is found to be contained in these "micro cold traps," which are the most numerous cold traps on the Moon. Consideration of all spatial scales therefore substantially increases the number of cold traps over previous estimates, for a total area of ~40,000 km^2. A majority of cold traps for water ice is found at latitudes >80° because permanent shadows equatorward of 80° are typically too warm to support ice accumulation. Our results show that water trapped at the lunar poles may be more accessible as a resource for future missions than previously thought.
