使用深色能源调查研究II型超新星作为宇宙标准蜡烛

论文标题

使用深色能源调查研究II型超新星作为宇宙标准蜡烛

Studying Type II supernovae as cosmological standard candles using the Dark Energy Survey

论文作者

de Jaeger, T., Galbany, L., González-Gaitán, S., Kessler, R., Filippenko, A. V., Förster, F., Hamuy, M., Brown, P. J., Davis, T. M., Gutiérrez, C. P., Inserra, C., Lewis, G F., Möller, A., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Brout, D., Carollo, D., Foley, R. J., Glazebrook, K., Hinton, S. R., Macaulay, E., Nichol, B., Sako, M., Sommer, N. E., Tucker, B. E., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eifler, T. F., Estrada, J., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Weller, J., Wilkinson, R.

论文摘要

尽管测量宇宙参数的测量很大，但黑蓝色常数（h $ _0 $）的精确值的性质和哈勃 - 勒马特定律的准确值仍然未知。为了打破当前的僵局，有必要开发尽可能多的独立技术，例如使用II型超新星（SNE II）。本文的目的是证明SNE II的实用性，以得出准确的外层外距离，这将是下一代望远镜的资产，在这些望远镜中将发现更遥远的SNE II。更具体地说，我们从深色能源调查超新星程序（DES-SN）中介绍了一个样本，该样本由15 sne II组成，并具有光度和光谱信息，横跨红移范围为0.35。将我们的DES SNE与公开的样品结合在一起，并使用标准蜡烛方法（SCM），在哈勃流中（70 SNE II）中构建了最大的可用哈勃图和SNE II，并找到观察到的0.27 mag的分散体。我们证明，在SN II标准化中添加颜色项并不能减少哈勃图中的散布。尽管SNE II作为距离指标是可行的，但此工作指出了作为独立的外乳外阳性信标改善其效用的重要问题：找到新的相关性，定义了更标准的II子类，构建新的SN II模板，并将更多的观察时间投入到高降低Sne Sne Sne II。最后，我们首次进行模拟来估计由于选择效应而导致的红移依赖性距离偏置。

Despite vast improvements in the measurement of the cosmological parameters, the nature of dark energy and an accurate value of the Hubble constant (H$_0$) in the Hubble-Lemaître law remain unknown. To break the current impasse, it is necessary to develop as many independent techniques as possible, such as the use of Type II supernovae (SNe II). The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the utility of SNe II for deriving accurate extragalactic distances, which will be an asset for the next generation of telescopes where more-distant SNe II will be discovered. More specifically, we present a sample from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) consisting of 15 SNe II with photometric and spectroscopic information spanning a redshift range up to 0.35. Combining our DES SNe with publicly available samples, and using the standard candle method (SCM), we construct the largest available Hubble diagram with SNe II in the Hubble flow (70 SNe II) and find an observed dispersion of 0.27 mag. We demonstrate that adding a colour term to the SN II standardisation does not reduce the scatter in the Hubble diagram. Although SNe II are viable as distance indicators, this work points out important issues for improving their utility as independent extragalactic beacons: find new correlations, define a more standard subclass of SNe II, construct new SN II templates, and dedicate more observing time to high-redshift SNe II. Finally, for the first time, we perform simulations to estimate the redshift-dependent distance-modulus bias due to selection effects.

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