论文标题
基于代理的集体合作模拟：从实验到模型
Agent-Based Simulation of Collective Cooperation: From Experiment to Model
论文作者
论文摘要
行人动态的仿真模型已成为疏散计划的宝贵工具。通常，假定人群在安全区域上单向流式传输。模拟药物通过属于每个个体的机制避免碰撞，例如被假想力彼此排斥。但是，当要求集体合作（特别是当特工（例如急救人员）需要通过密集包装的群体锻炼一条路径时，经典的运动模型就会失败。我们提出了一个受控的实验，以观察人类经过密集的静态人群时会发生什么。我们在显着现象上提出并检验假设。我们在心理框架中讨论我们的观察结果。我们得出了一个结合：代理人对需要合作的情况的看法和认知处理的模型；从某种行为组合中进行选择，例如合作；以及合适的动作，例如交换场所。代理商成功地通过密集的人群的能力成为心理模型的影响。
Simulation models of pedestrian dynamics have become an invaluable tool for evacuation planning. Typically crowds are assumed to stream unidirectionally towards a safe area. Simulated agents avoid collisions through mechanisms that belong to each individual, such as being repelled from each other by imaginary forces. But classic locomotion models fail when collective cooperation is called for, notably when an agent, say a first-aid attendant, needs to forge a path through a densely packed group. We present a controlled experiment to observe what happens when humans pass through a dense static crowd. We formulate and test hypothesis on salient phenomena. We discuss our observations in a psychological framework. We derive a model that incorporates: agents' perception and cognitive processing of a situation that needs cooperation; selection from a portfolio of behaviours, such as being cooperative; and a suitable action, such as swapping places. Agents' ability to successfully get through a dense crowd emerges as an effect of the psychological model.
