论文标题
反复合并和核星簇中黑洞的射击
Repeated mergers and ejection of black holes within nuclear star clusters
论文作者
论文摘要
Current stellar evolution models predict a dearth of black holes (BHs) with masses $\gtrsim 50$ M$_\odot$ and $\lesssim 5$ M$_\odot$, and intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs; $\sim10^2- 10^5$ M$_\odot$) have not yet been detected beyond any reasonable doubt.形成大量BHS的一种自然方法是通过重复合并，可通过与当前的Ligo/处女座或未来的Lisa和ET观测值检测到。核星簇（NSC）具有足够高的质量和密度，可以保留大多数合并产品，在合并时，它们会获得后坐力。我们探讨了IMBHS在NSC中反复合并而可能出生的可能性，并展示其形成途径如何取决于NSC质量和密度以及BH旋转分布。我们发现，配对稳定的质量间隙中的BHS可以由Ligo/Pirgo形成和观察到，并表明弹出的巨大BHS的典型质量为$ 400 $ - $ 500 $ M $ _ \ odot $，速度高达几千km s $^{ - 1} $。最终，其中一些IMBH可以成为超级BHS的种子，今天在星系中心观察到。在矮星系中，他们可以通过合理的反馈场景来解决丰度，核心核心，过于限制，超大型和bary子分数问题。
Current stellar evolution models predict a dearth of black holes (BHs) with masses $\gtrsim 50$ M$_\odot$ and $\lesssim 5$ M$_\odot$, and intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs; $\sim10^2- 10^5$ M$_\odot$) have not yet been detected beyond any reasonable doubt. A natural way to form massive BHs is through repeated mergers, detectable via gravitational wave emission with current LIGO/Virgo or future LISA and ET observations. Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) have masses and densities high enough to retain most of the merger products, which acquire a recoil kick at the moment of merger. We explore the possibility that IMBHs may be born as a result of repeated mergers in NSCs, and show how their formation pathways depend on the NSC mass and density, and BH spin distribution. We find that BHs in the pair-instability mass gap can be formed and observed by LIGO/Virgo, and show that the typical mass of the ejected massive BHs is $400$--$500$ M$_\odot$, with velocities of up to a few thousand km s$^{-1}$. Eventually some of these IMBHs can become the seeds of supermassive BHs, observed today in the centers of galaxies. In dwarf galaxies, they could potentially solve the abundance, core-cusp, too-big-to-fail, ultra-faint, and baryon-fraction issues via plausible feedback scenarios.
