论文标题

具有IAR天文台的PSR J0437-4715的精确时机及其对低频引力波源灵敏度的影响

Precision Timing of PSR J0437-4715 with the IAR Observatory and Implications for Low-Frequency Gravitational Wave Source Sensitivity

论文作者

Lam, M. T., Hazboun, J. S.

论文摘要

虽然需要观察许多高精度的无线电脉冲$ \ lyssim1〜μ $ $ s天空,以检测和表征低频引力波(GWS)的随机背景(GWS),但对GWS单个来源的敏感性甚至需要更高的计时精确性。阿根廷射电天文学研究所(IAR; Argentino de放射质主研究所)已经开始观察到最鲜为人知的毫秒普尔萨尔(J0437),J0437 $ - $ 4715。即使这两个天线比以前用于脉冲星计时阵列(PTA)科学的其他单次望远镜小,但IAR每天监视此脉冲星的能力以及脉冲星的亮度允许高精度脉冲到达时间的测量值。尽管该设施的升级目前正在进行中,但我们表明,超出当前计划以外的适度改进将为IAR提供对该脉冲星的无与伦比的敏感性。单个GW来源上最严格的上限来自北美纳米尔茨引力波(Nanograv)。 PSR J0437 $ - $ 4715的观察结果将在目前观察到的脉搏量较少的天空中的纳米格拉夫的“盲点”中显着提高。安装了最新的仪器后,我们估计,与Nanograv在Nanograv最新限制中使用的PTA的静态版本相比,在20%的天空中,20%的天空中,阵列的灵敏度将在10年内提高约2-4美元。更适度的仪器导致$ \ $ \ $ 1.4-3的因素。我们确定其他四个候选脉冲星适合纳入PTA工作。鉴于潜在的敏感性,国际PTA的努力也将受益于这些数据。

While observations of many high-precision radio pulsars of order $\lesssim1~μ$s across the sky are needed for the detection and characterization of a stochastic background of low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs), sensitivity to single sources of GWs requires even higher timing precision. The Argentine Institute of Radio Astronomy (IAR; Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía) has begun observations of the brightest-known millisecond pulsar, J0437$-$4715. Even though the two antennas are smaller than other single-dish telescopes previously used for pulsar timing array (PTA) science, the IAR's capability to monitor this pulsar daily coupled with the pulsar's brightness allows for high-precision pulse arrival-time measurements. While upgrades of the facility are currently underway, we show that modest improvements beyond current plans will provide IAR with unparalleled sensitivity to this pulsar. The most stringent upper limits on single GW sources come from the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav). Observations of PSR J0437$-$4715 will provide a significant sensitivity increase in NANOGrav's "blind spot" in the sky where fewer pulsars are currently being observed. With state-of-the-art instrumentation installed, we estimate the array's sensitivity will improve by a factor of $\approx$2-4 over 10 years for 20% of the sky with the inclusion of this pulsar as compared to a static version of the PTA used in NANOGrav's most recent limits. More modest instrumentation result in factors of $\approx$1.4-3. We identify four other candidate pulsars as suitable for inclusion in PTA efforts. International PTA efforts will also benefit from inclusion of these data given the potential achievable sensitivity.

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