论文标题
在低雷诺数环境中，类似杆状游泳者的散射
Scattering of rod-like swimmers in low Reynolds number environments
论文作者
论文摘要
在寻找代谢资源的过程中，微生物在粘性环境中游泳，这些环境呈现物理各向异性，包括各种尺寸的空间障碍物。已知流体动力会显着改变扁平和低曲率表面附近的游泳运动员轨迹。在这项工作中，我们对游泳细菌和微型制造柱之间的数十万个高曲率散射相互作用成像，半径为〜1至〜10个细胞长度。作为冲击参数的函数，细胞柱相互作用产生了用于散射角度的独特手性分布（包括意外的“反旋转器”轨迹），由仅动体模型很好地描述。我们的数据和模型表明，在与不同大小的物体相互作用时，游泳器轨迹的改变会受到不同的机制。主要用于〜10个细胞长度的物体，并需要在较大尺度上掺入流体动力学。这些轨迹影响游泳动力学的改变，并可能以取决于环境中障碍的形状和位置的方式影响微生物种群。
In their search for metabolic resources microbes swim through viscous environments that present physical anisotropies, including steric obstacles across a wide range of sizes. Hydrodynamic forces are known to significantly alter swimmer trajectories near flat and low-curvature surfaces. In this work, we imaged hundreds-of-thousands of high-curvature scattering interactions between swimming bacteria and micro-fabricated pillars with radii from ~1 to ~10 cell lengths. As a function of impact parameter, cell-pillar interactions produced distinct chiral distributions for scattering angle -- including unexpected 'counter-rotator' trajectories -- well-described by a sterics-only model. Our data and model suggest that alteration of swimmer trajectories is subject to distinct mechanisms when interacting with objects of different size; primarily steric for objects below ~10 cell lengths and requiring incorporation of hydrodynamics at larger scales. These alterations in trajectory impact swim dynamics and may affect microbial populations in ways that depend on the shape and placement of obstacles within an environment.
