论文标题

Schrodinger的原始量子力溶液用于氢

Schrodinger's original quantum-mechanical solution for hydrogen

论文作者

Galler, Anna, Canfield, Jeremy, Freericks, James K.

论文摘要

1926年,欧文·施罗德(Erwin Schrodinger)撰写了一系列论文,这些论文发明了波浪力学,并为我们今天教授的许多单粒子量子力学奠定了基础。在他的第一篇论文中,他使用Laplace方法解决了Schrodinger方程,这是一种非常强大但很少教导的技术。这是不幸的,因为它从复杂的分析角度为检查量子力学打开了大门。在教授量子力学时,通过复杂分析获得这种经验是一个有用的概念,因为这些技术可以在量子力学之外广泛使用,这与通常教授的标准Frobenius求和方法不同,但在其他地方很少使用。拉普拉斯方法的策略很微妙,没有人仔细审议施罗宾格在第一篇论文中所做的论点,相反,通常只是说该解决方案是从施莱辛格著名的微分方程教科书中采用的。在这项工作中,我们展示了如何使用Laplace方法来解决氢原子的量子机械能量征量,并遵循Schrodinger的原始解决方案(提供所有必要的细节),并说明如何在高级指导中进行教授;它确实需要熟悉中级复杂分析,我们还简要审查了。

In 1926, Erwin Schrodinger wrote a series of papers that invented wave mechanics and set the foundation for much of the single-particle quantum mechanics that we teach today. In his first paper, he solved the Schrodinger equation using the Laplace method, which is a technique that is quite powerful, but rarely taught. This is unfortunate, because it opens the door to examining quantum mechanics from a complex-analysis perspective. Gaining this experience with complex analysis is a useful notion to consider when teaching quantum mechanics, as these techniques can be widely used outside of quantum mechanics, unlike the standard Frobenius summation method, which is normally taught, but rarely used elsewhere. The Laplace method strategy is subtle and no one has carefully gone through the arguments that Schrodinger did in this first paper, instead it is often just stated that the solution was adopted from Schlesinger's famous differential equation textbook. In this work, we show how the Laplace method can be used to solve for the quantum-mechanical energy eigenfunctions of the hydrogen atom, following Schrodinger's original solution, with all the necessary details, and illustrate how it can be taught in advanced instruction; it does require familiarity with intermediate-level complex analysis, which we also briefly review.

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