论文标题
一维哈伯德模型的广义流体力学研究：自旋，电荷和能量电流的固定堵塞和相称性
Generalized hydrodynamics study of the one-dimensional Hubbard model: Stationary clogging and proportionality of spin, charge, and energy currents
论文作者
论文摘要
在我们以前的工作中Nozawa和H. Tsunetsugu，物理。 Rev. B 101，035121（2020）]，我们基于分区方案的一般性水动力学理论研究了一维Hubbard模型中的淬灭动力学，并显示了堵塞现象的存在。堵塞是一种现象，即消失了与非零能电流的电荷电流共存的现象，并且在协议使用初始条件时发现了系统的左半部分，准备在高温下填充一半，而右半为空。堵塞发生在左半部分的所有站点，并且持续时间与其距离连接点距离成正比。在本文中，我们使用各种不同的初始条件并讨论两个问题。第一个问题是在固定状态下堵塞的可能性。当右半中的电子密度最初设置为非零时，我们发现左半填充零件会在初始条件下为各种参数扩展。这意味着堵塞现象发生在长期固定状态的所有站点，我们还讨论了它的起源。另外，固定的堵塞伴随着后电流，即颗粒密度电流流向高密度区域。我们还发现，在某些初始条件下，即具有非零能电流的旋转电流并存。第二个问题是自旋和电荷电流的比例。我们发现了两个时空区域，其中电流比固定为非零常数。我们通过数值研究了当前比率如何取决于各种初始条件。我们还研究了电荷和能量电流的比率。
In our previous work [Y. Nozawa and H. Tsunetsugu, Phys. Rev. B 101, 035121 (2020)], we studied quench dynamics in the one-dimensional Hubbard model based on the generalized hydrodynamics theory for a partitioning protocol and showed the presence of a clogging phenomenon. Clogging is a phenomenon that vanishing charge current coexists with nonzero energy current, and was found when the protocol uses the initial condition that the left half of the system is prepared to be half filling at high temperatures with the right half being empty. Clogging occurs at all the sites in the left half and lasts for a time proportional to its distance from the connection point. In this paper, we use various different initial conditions and discuss two issues. The first issue is the possibility of clogging in a stationary state. When the electron density in the right half is initially set nonzero, we found that the left half-filled part expands for various sets of parameters in the initial condition. This means that the clogging phenomenon occurs at all the sites in the long-time stationary state, and we also discuss its origin. In addition, stationary clogging is accompanied by a back current, namely, particle density current flows towards the high-density region. We also found spin clogging occurs for some initial conditions, i.e., the vanishing spin current coexists with nonzero energy current. The second issue is the proportionality of spin and charge currents. We have found two spatio-temporal regions where the current ratio is fixed to a nonzero constant. We numerically studied how the current ratio depends on various initial conditions. We also studied the ratio of charge and energy currents.
