论文标题
夸克 - 格鲁隆等离子体中的夸克半经典传输：分解和量子校正
Quarkonium Semiclassical Transport in Quark-Gluon Plasma: Factorization and Quantum Correction
论文作者
论文摘要
我们通过使用潜在的非依赖主义QCD（PNRQCD）有效的野外理论和开放量子系统的框架来研究夸克 - 胶质等离子体中的夸克运输。我们认为，使用尺度的分离，Quarkonium和热浴之间的耦合是弱的，因此总系统的初始密度矩阵分解了，子系统的时间演变是Markovian。我们通过将Wigner变换应用于Lindblad方程并进行半经典膨胀来得出Quarkonium的半经典玻璃体方程。我们将相关的相互作用恢复到非依赖主义和多极扩展的领先力量的耦合常数中的所有订单。该推导对于弱耦合和强耦合夸克 - 胶状等离子体有效。我们发现传输方程中的反应速率将偶极转变函数和染色体GLUON分布函数分解为。对于差异反应速率，动量依赖性染色体的插播分布函数的定义涉及钉书的威尔逊线。对于包容性反应速率，威尔逊线沿实时轴塌陷成一条直线，并且分布变得独立。两条威尔逊线之间的关系类似于在Gluon Parton分布函数（PDF）中出现的Wilson线与Gluon横向动量依赖的Parton分布函数（TMDPDF）之间的关系。通过实验测量的Quarkonium核修饰因子的中心性依赖性探测动量独立分布，而横向动量依赖性和方位角角各向异性的测量可能能够探测依赖动量的动量。我们讨论一种通过使用分解公式和晶格计算来间接限制中等潜力的一种方法。还制定了针对Quarkonium半经典传输方程的领先量子校正。这项研究很容易被概括为冷核物质中的夸克运输，这与未来电子撞机的EA碰撞中的Quarkonium产生有关。
We study quarkonium transport in the quark-gluon plasma by using the potential nonrelativistic QCD (pNRQCD) effective field theory and the framework of open quantum systems. We argue that the coupling between quarkonium and the thermal bath is weak using separation of scales, so the initial density matrix of the total system factorizes and the time evolution of the subsystem is Markovian. We derive the semiclassical Boltzmann equation for quarkonium by applying a Wigner transform to the Lindblad equation and carrying out a semiclassical expansion. We resum relevant interactions to all orders in the coupling constant at leading power of the nonrelativistic and multipole expansions. The derivation is valid for both weakly coupled and strongly coupled quark-gluon plasmas. We find reaction rates in the transport equation factorize into a quarkonium dipole transition function and a chromoelectric gluon distribution function. For the differential reaction rate, the definition of the momentum dependent chromoelectric gluon distribution function involves staple-shaped Wilson lines. For the inclusive reaction rate, the Wilson lines collapse into a straight line along the real time axis and the distribution becomes momentum independent. The relation between the two Wilson lines is analogous to the relation between the Wilson lines appearing in the gluon parton distribution function (PDF) and the gluon transverse momentum dependent parton distribution function (TMDPDF). The centrality dependence of the quarkonium nuclear modification factor measured by experiments probes the momentum independent distribution while the transverse momentum dependence and measurements of the azimuthal angular anisotropy may be able to probe the momentum dependent one. We discuss one way to indirectly constrain the quarkonium in-medium real potential by using the factorization formula and lattice calculations. The leading quantum correction to the semiclassical transport equation of quarkonium is also worked out. The study can be easily generalized to quarkonium transport in cold nuclear matter, which is relevant for quarkonium production in eA collisions in the future Electron-Ion Collider.
