论文标题
NF-CROWD:几乎没有区块链的众包
NF-Crowd: Nearly-free Blockchain-based Crowdsourcing
论文作者
论文摘要
分布式分类帐技术的进步正在迅速推动分散的众包系统的崛起,而以太坊(Ethereum)等开放的智能合同平台。尽管与集中解决方案相比,基于分散区块链的众包分散式众包提供了许多好处,但当前的分散众包的实施均受基本可伸缩性限制,要求所有参与者每次与区块链互动时支付小额交易费用。这增加了使用分散的众包解决方案的成本,从而导致总付款可能高于集中群众众包平台所收取的价格。本文提出了一套名为NF-Crowd的新颖协议套件,该协议通过将分散众包项目的总成本的下限减少到O(1)来解决可伸缩性问题。 NF-Crowd是用于扩展分散众包的高度可靠解决方案。我们证明,只要由NF-Crowd提供支持的项目的参与者是理性的,无论人群的规模如何,O(1)成本的下限就可以达到。我们还证明,只要至少有一个由NF-Crowd提供支持的项目的参与者是诚实的,就无法中止该项目,并且保证结果是正确的。我们为具有开放社区评论(CC-OCR)的代表性项目设计NF-Crowd协议。我们通过以太坊官方测试网络实施协议。我们的结果表明,无论人群的规模如何,NF-Crowd协议可以将运行CC-OCT项目的成本降低到不到2美元,从而在采用分散的众包解决方案方面具有巨大的成本收益。
Advancements in distributed ledger technologies are rapidly driving the rise of decentralized crowdsourcing systems on top of open smart contract platforms like Ethereum. While decentralized blockchain-based crowdsourcing provides numerous benefits compared to centralized solutions, current implementations of decentralized crowdsourcing suffer from fundamental scalability limitations by requiring all participants to pay a small transaction fee every time they interact with the blockchain. This increases the cost of using decentralized crowdsourcing solutions, resulting in a total payment that could be even higher than the price charged by centralized crowdsourcing platforms. This paper proposes a novel suite of protocols called NF-Crowd that resolves the scalability issue by reducing the lower bound of the total cost of a decentralized crowdsourcing project to O(1). NF-Crowd is a highly reliable solution for scaling decentralized crowdsourcing. We prove that as long as participants of a project powered by NF-Crowd are rational, the O(1) lower bound of cost could be reached regardless of the scale of the crowd. We also demonstrate that as long as at least one participant of a project powered by NF-Crowd is honest, the project cannot be aborted and the results are guaranteed to be correct. We design NF-Crowd protocols for a representative type of project named crowdsourcing contest with open community review (CC-OCR). We implement the protocols over the Ethereum official test network. Our results demonstrate that NF-Crowd protocols can reduce the cost of running a CC-OCR project to less than $2 regardless of the scale of the crowd, providing a significant cost benefit in adopting decentralized crowdsourcing solutions.