论文标题
麦哲伦云的历史和欧洲对南半球的探索
A history of the Magellanic Clouds and the European exploration of the Southern Hemisphere
论文作者
论文摘要
麦哲伦云在500年前恰好在麦哲伦的航行之前就闻名，麦哲伦本人或他的编年史家安东尼奥·皮加菲塔（Antonio Pigafetta）没有给这个名字。当然，他们已经在南美的当地人口（例如Mapuche和Tupi-Guaranis）所熟知。葡萄牙人称它们为斗篷云，科学圈子长期以来使用了Nubecula Minor和Major的名字。我们通过欧洲探险家遵循探索南半球和南部天空的历史来追踪麦哲伦云的方式以及何时出现。虽然麦哲伦的名字很快与他发现的海峡相关联（仅在20年之内），但乌云仅在19世纪末才获得最终的科学名称，当时科学家最终将拉丁语作为他们的交流语言。
The Magellanic Clouds were known before Magellan's voyage exactly 500 years ago, and were not given that name by Magellan himself or his chronicler Antonio Pigafetta. They were, of course, already known by local populations in South America, such as the Mapuche and Tupi-Guaranis. The Portuguese called them Clouds of the Cape, and scientific circles had long used the name of Nubecula Minor and Major. We trace how and when the name Magellanic Clouds came into common usage by following the history of exploration of the southern hemisphere and the southern sky by European explorers. While the name of Magellan was quickly associated to the Strait he discovered (within about 20 years only), the Clouds got their final scientific name only at the end of the 19th century, when scientists finally abandoned Latin as their communication language.
