论文标题
Cheops任务
The CHEOPS mission
论文作者
论文摘要
2012年选出了特征外行星卫星（CHEOPS），作为ESA科学计划的第一个小任务，并于2019年12月成功启动。Cheops是ESA与瑞士之间的合作伙伴关系，由十个其他ESA成员国进行了重要贡献。 Cheops是第一个致力于使用超高精度光度法在已经知道的托管行星已知的明亮恒星上搜索外部行星过渡的任务。作为一项后续任务，Cheops主要致力于在可能的情况下改进现有的半径测量值，或为那些已经从地面光谱调查估算的那些行星的子集和以下相曲线提供了首先准确的测量。 Cheops将为未来的光谱大气表征提供主要目标。 对于V频段中幅度为6到12的恒星，已经得出了对光度精度和稳定性的要求。特别是，Cheops应能够通过在整合6小时内实现20 ppm的光度精度，在6到9之间检测在6至9之间的地球大小的行星。对于在9到12之间的幅度范围内的K恒星，Cheops应能够检测出在整合3小时内实现85 ppm的光度光度精度。这是通过在直径为33.5 cm的望远镜的焦平面组件处使用单个，框架转移的，反向刷的CCD检测器来实现的。 280千克航天器在700 km高度的太阳同步黄昏轨道上的指向精度约为1个Arcsec RMS和轨道。 名义任务寿命为3。5年。在此期间，通过年度电话和ESA管理的酌处时间计划，社区可以使用20％的观察时间。
The CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) was selected in 2012, as the first small mission in the ESA Science Programme and successfully launched in December 2019. CHEOPS is a partnership between ESA and Switzerland with important contributions by ten additional ESA Member States. CHEOPS is the first mission dedicated to search for transits of exoplanets using ultrahigh precision photometry on bright stars already known to host planets. As a follow-up mission, CHEOPS is mainly dedicated to improving, whenever possible, existing radii measurements or provide first accurate measurements for a subset of those planets for which the mass has already been estimated from ground-based spectroscopic surveys and to following phase curves. CHEOPS will provide prime targets for future spectroscopic atmospheric characterisation. Requirements on the photometric precision and stability have been derived for stars with magnitudes ranging from 6 to 12 in the V band. In particular, CHEOPS shall be able to detect Earth-size planets transiting G5 dwarf stars in the magnitude range between 6 and 9 by achieving a photometric precision of 20 ppm in 6 hours of integration. For K stars in the magnitude range between 9 and 12, CHEOPS shall be able to detect transiting Neptune-size planets achieving a photometric precision of 85 ppm in 3 hours of integration. This is achieved by using a single, frame-transfer, back-illuminated CCD detector at the focal plane assembly of a 33.5 cm diameter telescope. The 280 kg spacecraft has a pointing accuracy of about 1 arcsec rms and orbits on a sun-synchronous dusk-dawn orbit at 700 km altitude. The nominal mission lifetime is 3.5 years. During this period, 20% of the observing time is available to the community through a yearly call and a discretionary time programme managed by ESA.
