论文标题

航空公司配对中的机器学习以构建初始集群以进行动态约束聚合

Machine Learning in Airline Crew Pairing to Construct Initial Clusters for Dynamic Constraint Aggregation

论文作者

Yaakoubi, Yassine, Soumis, François, Lacoste-Julien, Simon

论文摘要

船员配对问题(CPP)通常被建模为设定的分区问题,必须将飞行以配对进行分区。配对是一系列飞行腿,通过连接时间和休息时间分开,在同一基础上开始和结束。由于复杂规则和法规的广泛清单,确定一系列航班是否构成可行的配对本身是否可能很困难,这使得CPP成为航空公司规划中最困难的问题之一。在本文中,我们首先建议改善Desaulniers等人的原型基线求解器。 (2020)通过添加动态控制策略来获得大规模CPP的有效求解器:商业Gencol-DCA。这些求解器旨在汇总涵盖约束的航班以减少问题的大小。然后,我们使用机器学习(ML)来生产具有同一船员连续执行的高可能性的航班群。求解器结合了几种高级操作研究技术,以在必要时组装和修改这些群集以产生良好的解决方案。我们显示,在每月的CPP中,最多5000次飞行的CPP,该商业Gencol-DCA与基于ML的启发式方法生产的群集优于最初簇的基线,这些基线是通过滚动与Gencol获得的解决方案的配对。解决方案的降低平均成本在6.8%至8.52%之间,这主要是由于全球限制成本在69.79%至78.11%之间。

The crew pairing problem (CPP) is generally modelled as a set partitioning problem where the flights have to be partitioned in pairings. A pairing is a sequence of flight legs separated by connection time and rest periods that starts and ends at the same base. Because of the extensive list of complex rules and regulations, determining whether a sequence of flights constitutes a feasible pairing can be quite difficult by itself, making CPP one of the hardest of the airline planning problems. In this paper, we first propose to improve the prototype Baseline solver of Desaulniers et al. (2020) by adding dynamic control strategies to obtain an efficient solver for large-scale CPPs: Commercial-GENCOL-DCA. These solvers are designed to aggregate the flights covering constraints to reduce the size of the problem. Then, we use machine learning (ML) to produce clusters of flights having a high probability of being performed consecutively by the same crew. The solver combines several advanced Operations Research techniques to assemble and modify these clusters, when necessary, to produce a good solution. We show, on monthly CPPs with up to 50 000 flights, that Commercial-GENCOL-DCA with clusters produced by ML-based heuristics outperforms Baseline fed by initial clusters that are pairings of a solution obtained by rolling horizon with GENCOL. The reduction of solution cost averages between 6.8% and 8.52%, which is mainly due to the reduction in the cost of global constraints between 69.79% and 78.11%.

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