论文标题
量子系统认证理论：教程
Theory of quantum system certification: a tutorial
论文作者
论文摘要
复杂量子系统的精确控制有望提供众多技术应用，包括数字量子计算。此类设备的复杂性使其正确运行挑战的证书。为了应对这一挑战，在过去十年中开发了许多方法。 在本教程中，我们解释了量子状态和过程描述的量子设备物理层的重要协议。这种协议在近期设备的开发中尤为重要。具体而言，我们讨论了直接量子状态认证，直接保真度估计，阴影保真度估计，直接量子过程认证，随机基准测试和跨渗入基准测试的方法。此外，我们提供了强大的数学方法的介绍，该方法在量子信息理论中广泛使用，以获得协议的理论保证。
The precise control of complex quantum systems promises numerous technological applications including digital quantum computing. The complexity of such devices renders the certification of their correct functioning a challenge. To address this challenge, numerous methods were developed in the last decade. In this tutorial, we explain prominent protocols for certifying the physical layer of quantum devices described by quantum states and processes. Such protocols are particularly important in the development of near-term devices. Specifically, we discuss methods of direct quantum state certification, direct fidelity estimation, shadow fidelity estimation, direct quantum process certification, randomized benchmarking and cross-entropy benchmarking. Moreover, we provide an introduction to powerful mathematical methods, which are widely used in quantum information theory, in order to derive theoretical guarantees for the protocols.
