论文标题
在社会疏远措施下优化Covid-19的健康和经济影响的模型；一项针对飞机中乘客数量及其座位安排的研究
A Model for Optimizing the Health and Economic Impacts of Covid-19 under Social Distancing Measures; A Study for the Number of Passengers and their Seating Arrangements in Aircrafts
论文作者
论文摘要
由于国家通过锁定进程减少了Covid-19的健康影响，因此Covid-19对国家和行业产生了灾难性的经济影响。随着各国开始解除Covid-19相关限制，企业被允许再次拥有现场客户。但是，只要遵循社会疏远措施，就可以在现场允许有限的人。由于其客户数量大大减少，因此这给企业带来了沉重的负担。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个模型，以最大程度地减少Covid-19对实施社会疏远措施的企业的经济影响，并最大程度地减少Covid-19对客户和员工的健康影响。我们介绍了数量差，在采用社会疏远措施的同时，在给定地点，最小化点差给给定地点的人数和安排的最佳数量和安排。我们将模型应用于现实世界的情况，并使用退火蒙特卡洛技术（Monte Carlo Technique）在社会疏远的措施下优化了乘客的数量及其安排。考虑到家庭群体和个人乘客进行社会疏远措施，我们获得了乘客的最佳数字和最佳安排。获得的乘客的最佳布置显示了以复杂和非平凡的方式混合的群体和单个乘客的复杂模式。这证明了使用我们的模型或其变体来找到这些最佳布置的必要性。此外，我们表明，与乘客数量相同的乘客的其他安排是次优安排，由于乘客之间的距离较小，其健康风险较高。我们的模型可以用于其他社交场合，例如体育赛事，剧院，医疗中心等。
Covid-19 has had a disastrous economic impact on countries and industries as countries have gone through the lockdown process to reduce the health impact of Covid-19. As countries have started lifting Covid-19 related restrictions, businesses have been allowed to again have on-site customers. However, just a limited number of people are being allowed on-site as long as social distancing measures are being followed. This has resulted in heavy burdens on businesses as their number of customers have decreased substantially. In this study, we propose a model to minimize the economic impact of Covid-19 for businesses that have implemented social distancing measures, as well as to minimize the health impact of Covid-19 for their customers and employees. We introduce the quantity Spread in which minimizing Spread gives the optimum number and arrangement of people at a given site while applying social distancing measures. We apply our model to a real-world scenario and optimize the number of passengers and their arrangements under a social distancing measure for two different popular aircraft seat layouts using the Annealing Monte Carlo technique. We obtain the optimal numbers and optimal arrangements of passengers considering both family groups and individual passengers for the social distancing measure. The obtained optimal arrangements of passengers show complex patterns with groups and individual passengers mixed in complex and non-trivial ways. This demonstrates the necessity of using our model or its variants to find these optimal arrangements. In addition, we show that any other arrangements of passengers with the same number of passengers is a suboptimal arrangement with higher health risks as a result of less distance between passengers. Our model could be implemented for other social situations such as sports events, theaters, medical centers, etc.
