论文标题
在经典超级计算机上的量子计算模拟
Simulation of Quantum Computing on Classical Supercomputers
论文作者
论文摘要
超级计算机上的量子计算模拟是一个重要的研究主题,它在量子算法验证,容易疏松验证和其他应用中起着至关重要的作用。基于密度矩阵的张量网络收缩是一个重要的单幅度仿真策略,但是在当前的分布式计算系统上很难执行。在本文中,我们深入研究了这个问题,并提出了一个基于无向图的切割边缘的方案。该方案削减了具有较大树宽度的无向图的边缘,以获得许多具有小树宽度的无向子图,这些子图在不同的计算核心上收缩。主节点中总结了从核心的收缩结果,这与原始张量网络收缩一致。因此,我们可以模拟比单芯更大的量子电路。此外,找到全球最佳切割边缘是一个NP硬性问题,我们提出了一种基于启发式算法的搜索策略来处理它。为了验证我们方案的有效性,我们基于QAOA算法进行测试,并且可以在4096核超级计算机上模拟120个Qubit 3的QAOA算法,这大大超过了100 Qubit的单个核心上的模拟量表。
Simulation of quantum computing on supercomputers is a significant research topic, which plays a vital role in quantum algorithm verification, error-tolerant verification and other applications. Tensor network contraction based on density matrix is an important single-amplitude simulation strategy, but it is hard to execute on the distributed computing systems currently. In this paper, we dive deep into this problem, and propose a scheme based on cutting edges of undirected graphs. This scheme cuts edges of undirected graphs with large tree width to obtain many undirected subgraphs with small tree width, and these subgraphs contracted on different computing cores. The contraction results of slave cores are summarized in the master node, which is consistent with the original tensor network contraction. Thus, we can simulate the larger scale quantum circuit than single core. Moreover, it's an NP-hard problem to find the global optimum cutting edges, and we propose a search strategy based on a heuristic algorithm to approach it. In order to verify the effectiveness of our scheme, we conduct tests based on QAOA algorithm, and it can simulate 120-qubit 3-regular QAOA algorithm on 4096-core supercomputer, which greatly exceeds the simulation scale on a single core of 100-qubit.