论文标题
衰老,变化和竞争:当选择一个模型的愿望会损害我们的理解时
Senescence, change, and competition: when the desire to pick one model harms our understanding
论文作者
论文摘要
为什么我们年龄是一个基本问题的问题。这是关于我们是谁,当我们试图找到使老化较慢的方法时,它也可能具有关键的实际方面。或根本不衰老。不同的原因指出了抗衰老药物研究的不同策略。虽然生物系统能够按照进化而工作的主要原因是一段时间以来,但人们认为衰老需要另一种解释。衰老似乎损害了个人,即使具有团体利益,这些好处也不太可能足够。这使许多科学家提出了关于我们为什么年龄的非进化解释。但是这些理论似乎未能解释有关物种年龄的所有数据。在这里,我将表明,找到一个解释这一切的想法的坚持可能是获得完整图片的困难的根源。通过探索衰老的进化模型,该模型是问题的基本方面,我将表明环境变化会导致群体优势变得更弱的障碍。这种弱化可能有助于小组的优势加起来他们可以产生适应性的差异。要回答我们为什么年龄的原因,我们可能不得不放弃询问哪些型号是正确的。完整的答案可能来自考虑每个现有模型背后的每个假设,即进化和非进化的假设,这有助于现实世界的解决方案。
The question of why we age is a fundamental one. It is about who we are, and it also might have critical practical aspects as we try to find ways to age slower. Or to not age at all. Different reasons point at distinct strategies for the research of anti-ageing drugs. While the main reason why biological systems work as they do is evolution, for quite a while, it was believed that aging required another explanation. Aging seems to harm individuals so much that even if it has group benefits, those benefits were unlikely to be enough. That has led many scientists to propose non-evolutionary explanations as to why we age. But those theories seem to fail at explaining all the data on how species age. Here, I will show that the insistence of finding the one idea that explains it all might be at the root of the difficulty of getting a full picture. By exploring an evolutionary model of aging where locality and temporal changes are fundamental aspects of the problem, I will show that environmental change causes the barrier for group advantages to become much weaker. That weakening might help small group advantages to add up to the point they could make an adaptive difference. To answer why we age, we might have to abandon asking which models are correct. The full answer might come from considering how much each hypothesis behind each existing model, evolutionary and non-evolutionary ones, contributes to the real world's solution.