学术文献库

Emission features formed through Raman scattering with atomic hydrogen provide unique and crucial information to probe the distribution and kinematics of a thick neutral region illuminated by a strong far UV emission source. We introduce a new 3 dimensional Monte-Carlo code in order to describe the radiative transfer of line photons that are subject to Raman and Rayleigh scattering with atomic hydrogen. In this code entitled "${\bf S}$ejong Radiative ${\bf T}$r${\bf a}$nsfer through ${\bf R}$aman and Rayleigh ${\bf S}$cattering (${\it STaRS}$), each photon is traced until escape with a tag attached carrying information including the position, direction, wavelength, and polarization. The thick neutral scattering region is divided into numerous cells with each cell being characterized by its velocity and density, which ensures huge flexibility of the code in analyzing Raman-scattered features formed in a neutral region with complicated kinematics and density distribution. As a test of the code, we revisit the formation of Balmer wings through Raman scattering of far UV continuum near Ly$β$ and Ly$γ$ in a static neutral region. An additional check is made to investigate Raman scattering of O VI in an expanding neutral medium. We find fairly good agreement of our results with previous works, demonstrating the capability of dealing with radiative transfer modeling that can be applied to spectropolarimetric imaging observations of various objects including symbiotic stars, young planetary nebulae, and active galactic nuclei.