论文标题
用经典随机类似物探测量子效应
Probing quantum effects with classical stochastic analogs
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一种构建开放量子系统的经典类似物的方法，即限制在潜在井中并浸入热浴中的单个量子粒子。经典类似物是由相同的井集制成的，在这些井中，质量$ m $的经典颗粒被困。经典位置的分布$ n（x，t）$用于重建量子bohm潜在$ v _ {\ rm bohm} = - \ \ frac {\ hbar^2} {2 m} {2 m} \ frac {δ\ sqrt {n}} {n}} {n}} {井。结果，经典颗粒具有有效的“量子”力。使用单孔电位和双孔电势测试该协议，以证明典型的量子效应，例如长期相关性和量子隧道。为了谐波限制，类比是使用微米大小的介电珠在激光束光学捕获的实验中实现的。
We propose a method to construct a classical analog of an open quantum system, namely a single quantum particle confined in a potential well and immersed in a thermal bath. The classical analog is made out of a collection of identical wells where classical particles of mass $m$ are trapped. The distribution $n(x,t)$ of the classical positions is used to reconstruct the quantum Bohm potential $V_{\rm Bohm} = -\frac{\hbar^2}{2 m} \frac{Δ\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}}$, which in turn acts on the shape of the potential wells. As a result, the classical particles experience an effective "quantum" force. This protocol is tested with numerical simulations using single- and double-well potentials, evidencing typical quantum effects such as long-lasting correlations and quantum tunneling. For harmonic confinement, the analogy is implemented experimentally using micron-sized dielectric beads optically trapped by a laser beam.
