论文标题
了解日本三个主要都会区的共同爆发期间旅行模式的变化
Understanding Changes in Travel Patterns during the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Three Major Metropolitan Areas of Japan
论文作者
论文摘要
与在某些国家或城市采取的锁定措施不同，日本政府宣布了“紧急状态”（SOE），在该措施下，只要求人们将与他人的接触减少至少70％，而一些地方政府也实施了自己的移动性减少措施，该措施没有法律依据。这些措施的影响仍不清楚。因此，在这项研究中，我们使用纵向汇总的手机数据研究了日本的COVID-19爆发和相关政策指标，研究旅行模式的变化。具体而言，我们将日常旅行模式视为网络，并通过应用一个分析网络科学中使用的时间网络的框架来分析其结构变化。跨不同日期的网络相似性度量的聚类分析表明，日本三个主要大都市区域中有六种主要类型的流动性模式类型：（i）在Covid-19-19爆发前的周末和假期，（ii）（ii）covid-19-nefore-e ey-e爆发前的工作日（iii）周末和假期（iii）和假期（ii）周末（iiv）（iv）周末（iv），iv（iv）周末（iv），iv the（iv），iv（iv）周期至周期。国有企业的SOE和（vi）工作日。还发现，从2020年3月，大多数学校关闭时，旅行模式可能已经开始改变，并且在国有企业之前，国有企业后的流动方式返回了这些模式。有趣的是，我们发现，在SOE解除后，旅行模式与SOE期间的旅行模式保持相似，这表明自我抗衡是在SOE解除后继续进行的。此外，在名古屋大都会地区，我们发现当案件数量增加时，人们会自愿改变旅行模式。
Unlike the lockdown measures taken in some countries or cities, the Japanese government declared a "State of Emergency" (SOE) under which people were only requested to reduce their contact with other people by at least 70 %, while some local governments also implemented their own mobility-reduction measures that had no legal basis. The effects of these measures are still unclear. Thus, in this study, we investigate changes in travel patterns in response to the COVID-19 outbreak and related policy measures in Japan using longitudinal aggregated mobile phone data. Specifically, we consider daily travel patterns as networks and analyze their structural changes by applying a framework for analyzing temporal networks used in network science. The cluster analysis with the network similarity measures across different dates showed that there are six main types of mobility patterns in the three major metropolitan areas of Japan: (I) weekends and holidays prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, (II) weekdays prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, (III) weekends and holidays before and after the SOE, (IV) weekdays before and after the SOE, (V) weekends and holidays during the SOE, and (VI) weekdays during the SOE. It was also found that travel patterns might have started to change from March 2020, when most schools were closed, and that the mobility patterns after the SOE returned to those prior to the SOE. Interestingly, we found that after the lifting of the SOE, travel patterns remained similar to those during the SOE for a few days, suggesting the possibility that self-restraint continued after the lifting of the SOE. Moreover, in the case of the Nagoya metropolitan area, we found that people voluntarily changed their travel patterns when the number of cases increased.
