论文标题
超冷宇宙的宇宙学
Cosmology of Supercooled Universe
论文作者
论文摘要
一阶相变（FOPT）在标准模型（SM）之外的物理中无处不在。最近，在树级动作中没有尺寸参数的模型吸引了很多关注，因为它们可以通过超纯净的速度预测非常强大的FOPT。在本文中，我们研究了这种超冷模型的宇宙学特征。作为一个具体的模型，我们考虑使用两个其他真实标量$ ϕ $和$ s $的SM，这可以通过Coleman-Weinberg机构实现Electroweak对称性破坏。由于动作的$ z_2^{} $对称性，因此自然可以成为暗物质（DM）候选者之一。我们研究了该模型的FOPT，并计算了重力波（GW）信号和$ s $的热遗物丰度考虑到过滤效果。在信封的近似中，我们发现GW峰值幅度可以达到$ \ sim 10^{ - 10} $周围的频率$ f \ sim 10^{ - 3}〜$ hz，用于模型参数$（v_x^{}，v_xs^{}，λ_是$ ϕ $和$λ_{ϕs}^{} $的真空期望值是标量混合耦合。另一方面，过滤的DM机制仅以$ 0.8 \ Lessimλ__{ϕS}^{} \ Lessim 1 $工作，其中GW峰值幅度很小，很小的$ \ lyssim 10^{ - 17} $。
First-order phase transitions (FOPTs) are ubiquitous in physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). Recently, models with no dimensionful parameters in the tree-level action have been attracting much attention because they can predict a very strong FOPT with ultra-supercooling. In this paper, we study the cosmological signatures of such a supercooling model. As a concrete model, we consider the SM with two additional real scalars $ϕ$ and $S$, which can realize the electroweak symmetry breaking via Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. One of the additional scalars $S$ can naturally become a Dark Matter (DM) candidate due to the $Z_2^{}$ symmetry of the action. We study the FOPT of this model and calculate the Gravitational Wave (GW) signals and the thermal relic abundance of $S$ taking the filtered effects into account. Within the envelope approximation, we find that the GW peak amplitude can reach $\sim 10^{-10}$ around the frequency $f\sim 10^{-3}~$Hz for model parameters $(v_ϕ^{},λ_{ϕS}^{})\sim (200~{\rm TeV},1.6)$ where $v_ϕ^{}$ is the vacuum expectation value of $ϕ$ and $λ_{ϕS}^{}$ is the scalar mixing coupling. On the other hand, the filtered DM mechanism only works for $0.8\lesssim λ_{ϕS}^{}\lesssim 1$, where the GW peak amplitude is found to be quite small $\lesssim 10^{-17}$.
