论文标题
法国与美国之间的学术合作分析
Exploratory Analysis of Academic Collaborations between French and US
论文作者
论文摘要
国际学术合作在研究领域中培养了多样性，并促进了多效方法，因为每个国家科学的范围都取决于其需求，历史，财富等。此外，科学的质量在国家之间\ cite {king2004Scientific}之间的差异很大，这使国际协作使国际协作了解国家之间的潜在来源及其成果之间的动态。分析这些合作可以揭示不同领域的两个国家之间的共享专业知识，这是一个国家最著名的机构，与本地努力相比的合作努力的总体成功等。最初使用统计指标{melin1996-studying}进行了这种分析，但后来已证明了更具表达性的表达性。 \ cite {wagner2005映射，gonzalez2008coauthorship}。在此探索性分析中，我们旨在研究法国和美国机构之间的协作模式。为此，我们利用Microsoft Academic Grape Mag \ Cite {Sinha2015OverView}，这是最大的开放书目数据集，其中包含有关作者，出版物和机构的详细信息。我们使用世界地图的坐标来与法国或美国的分配。如果不存在隶属关系的坐标，我们使用其Wikipedia URL并指定实体识别来在Wikipedia页面中识别其地址的国家。我们需要强调，在法国的过去十年中，研究所的名字一直是波动的（由于创建的大学联邦），因此这是最好的努力试验。结果表明，与哈佛，麻省理工学院和CNR等某些机构脱颖而出的某些机构相比，科学生产越来越大。
International academic collaborations cultivate diversity in the research landscape and facilitate multiperspective methods, as the scope of each country's science depends on its needs, history, wealth etc. Moreover the quality of science differ significantly amongst nations\cite{king2004scientific}, which renders international collaborations a potential source to understand the dynamics between countries and their advancements. Analyzing these collaborations can reveal sharing expertise between two countries in different fields, the most well-known institutions of a nation, the overall success of collaborative efforts compared to local ones etc. Such analysis were initially performed using statistical metrics \cite{melin1996studying}, but network analysis has later proven much more expressive \cite{wagner2005mapping,gonzalez2008coauthorship}. In this exploratory analysis, we aim to examine the collaboration patterns between French and US institutions. Towards this, we capitalize on the Microsoft Academic Graph MAG \cite{sinha2015overview}, the largest open bibliographic dataset that contains detailed information for authors, publications and institutions. We use the coordinates of the world map to tally affiliations to France or USA. In cases where the coordinates of an affiliation were absent, we used its Wikipedia url and named entity recognition to identify the country of its address in the Wikipedia page. We need to stress that institute names have been volatile (due to University federations created) in the last decade in France, so this is a best effort trial. The results indicate an intensive and increasing scientific production in with , with certain institutions such as Harvard, MIT and CNRS standing out.
