论文标题
与波动定理的任意时间热力学不确定性关系
Arbitrary Time Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation from Fluctuation Theorem
论文作者
论文摘要
热力学不确定性关系（TUR）为电荷转移波动的精确度提供了通用的熵结合，例如，对于一类连续的时间随机过程。但是，它扩展到一般非平衡动力学仍然是一个未解决的问题。在这封信中，我们通过假设概率分布的物理规律性条件，以将TUR展示为任意有限的时间。作为一个非平凡的实际结果，我们在短时间内获得电荷转移的平均值和方差之间的普遍比例关系。通过这种方式，我们可以加深对两个重要的严格关系之间联系的理解，即波动定理和热力学不确定性关系。
The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) provides a universal entropic bound for the precision of the fluctuation of the charge transfer for example for a class of continuous time stochastic processes. However, its extension to general nonequilibrium dynamics is still an unsolved problem. In this Letter, we show TUR for an arbitrary finite time in terms of exchange fluctuation theorem applied to ensemble of copies of the original system by assuming a physical regularity condition for the probability distribution. As a nontrivial practical consequence, we obtain universal scaling relations among the mean and variance of the charge transfer in short time regime. In this manner, we can deepen our understanding on a link between two important rigorous relations, i.e., the fluctuation theorem and the thermodynamic uncertainty relation.
