论文标题
灵感来自半导体晶体管启发
Nonreciprocal and non-Hermitian material response inspired by semiconductor transistors
论文作者
论文摘要
在这里，受到常规半导体晶体管的运行的启发，我们引入了一种新型的散装材料，具有非肾上腺素和非热电磁反应。我们的分析表明，与静态电偏置结合的材料非线性可能会导致缺乏遗传学和转置对称性的线性介电常数张量。值得注意的是，材料可以耗散或产生能量，具体取决于电场成分的相对相。我们为基于理想化的“ MOSFET-METAMATERIAL”的电磁隔离器引入了简单的设计，并表明其性能原则上可以由于材料增益而超过常规的Faraday隔离器。此外，建议在非平衡情况下在自然介质中设计类似的材料响应。我们的解决方案确定了一个完全新颖的范式，以使用静态电偏置打破散装非线性材料中的电磁互惠。
Here, inspired by the operation of conventional semiconductor transistors, we introduce a novel class of bulk materials with nonreciprocal and non-Hermitian electromagnetic response. Our analysis shows that material nonlinearities combined with a static electric bias may lead to a linearized permittivity tensor that lacks the Hermitian and transpose symmetries. Remarkably, the material can either dissipate or generate energy, depending on the relative phase of the electric field components. We introduce a simple design for an electromagnetic isolator based on an idealized "MOSFET-metamaterial" and show that its performance can in principle surpass conventional Faraday isolators due to the material gain. Furthermore, it is suggested that analogous material responses may be engineered in natural media in nonequilibrium situations. Our solution determines an entirely novel paradigm to break the electromagnetic reciprocity in a bulk nonlinear material using a static electric bias.
