论文标题
刑事司法系统中对移民的歧视：审前拘留的证据
Discrimination Against Immigrants in the Criminal Justice System: Evidence from Pretrial Detentions
论文作者
论文摘要
本文使用十年的全国性行政记录在审前拘留中测试了智利刑事司法系统中对移民被告的歧视。观察性基准回归显示，相对于智利被告的审前被告的可能性降低了8.6个百分点，具有相似的审前不当行为潜力。省略可变偏差的诊断 - 包括基于释放被告之间审前不当行为率的比较来评估代理向量质量的新型测试 - 表明，歧视估计并非由省略的可变偏见驱动，如果有的话，任何事情都无法完全解释错误的潜在差异导致歧视的潜在差异。我们的估计表明，歧视源于信息问题，因为法官没有观察到起源国家的犯罪记录，刻板印象和基于味觉的歧视在问题的解决中发挥了作用。我们发现，对于毒品犯罪而言，歧视尤其大，并且在最近的移民浪潮之后的歧视增加。
This paper tests for discrimination against immigrant defendants in the criminal justice system in Chile using a decade of nationwide administrative records on pretrial detentions. Observational benchmark regressions show that immigrant defendants are 8.6 percentage points less likely to be released pretrial relative to Chilean defendants with similar proxies for pretrial misconduct potential. Diagnostics for omitted variable bias -- including a novel test to assess the quality of the proxy vector based on comparisons of pretrial misconduct rates among released defendants -- suggest that the discrimination estimates are not driven by omitted variable bias and that, if anything, failing to fully account for differences in misconduct potential leads to an underestimation of discrimination. Our estimates suggest that discrimination stems from an informational problem because judges do not observe criminal records in origin countries, with stereotypes and taste-based discrimination playing a role in the problem's resolution. We find that discrimination is especially large for drug offenses and that discrimination increased after a recent immigration wave.
