论文标题
使用重力镜头，以$ z> 1 $解决AGN的内部区域的Milliarcsecond X射线天文学
Milliarcsecond X-ray astrometry to resolve inner regions of AGN at $z>1$ using gravitational lensing
论文作者
论文摘要
我们报告了X射线排放的本地化，从两个强镜AGN，B0712+472（$ z = 1.34 $）和B1608+656（$ z = 1.394 $）。我们通过开发一种将参数透镜建模与贝叶斯分析相结合的新方法来获得Milliarcsend X射线天文测量。我们在B0712+472和B1608类+656中分别在11 MAS和从无线电源中的9个MAS中定位X射线源和B1608+656中的X射线源。对于B级B0712+472，我们发现X射线发射与无线电和光学发射共同空间。而在B1608+656类中，X射线发射是与无线电共同空间的，但相对于1 $σ$级别的光学发射取代，该源将此源定位为偏移AGN候选者。这种高的天文学精度可以提高现有X射线仪器的局限性，将两个数量级提高。演示的方法为搜索偏移量和二进制AGN的途径打开了$ z> 1 $的途径，并在红移范围内直接测试超大型黑洞形成模型，该模型迄今为止大多被限制了。
We report the localization of the X-ray emission from two strongly lensed AGN, CLASS B0712+472 ($z=1.34$) and CLASS B1608+656 ($z=1.394$). We obtain milliarcsecond X-ray astrometry by developing a novel method that combines parametric lens modelling with a Bayesian analysis. We spatially locate the X-ray sources in CLASS B0712+472 and CLASS B1608+656 within 11 mas and 9 mas from the radio source, respectively. For CLASS B0712+472, we find that the X-ray emission is co-spatial with the radio and optical emission. While, in CLASS B1608+656, the X-ray emission is co-spatial with radio, but displaced with respect to the optical emission at 1$σ$ level, which positions this source as an offset AGN candidate. This high astrometric precision improves on the limitations of existing X-ray instruments by two orders of magnitude. The demonstrated method opens a path to search for offset and binary AGN at $z>1$, and to directly test supermassive black hole formation models in a redshift range that has been mostly underconstrained to date.
