论文标题

社交网络和空间流动性:来自印度Facebook的证据

Social Networks and Spatial Mobility: Evidence from Facebook in India

论文作者

Sahai, Harshil, Bailey, Michael

论文摘要

本文研究了社交网络在整个印度的空间流动性中的作用。使用来自世界上最大的在线社交网络的汇总和取消识别数据,我们(i)(i)记录了有关印度社交网络和空间流动性结构的新描述性发现; (ii)量化社交网络对年度迁移选择的影响; (iii)将这些估计值嵌入空间平衡模型中,以研究社会联系增加的工资含义。在数百万个人中,我们发现,社会资本的多种措施集中在富人,受过教育的移民中。在整个目的地,流动性模式和社交网络都集中在更富裕的地区。一个迁移模型表明,在目的地工资增加10%和目的地社交网络增加了12-16%之间,个人无关紧要。核算网络的迁移距离关系减少了19%。在平衡中,跨越地点的社交网络的平均工资均衡3%(底部工资四分之一)的平均工资比消除边际距离成本更大的影响。我们找到了经济支持机制的证据,目的地经济改善减少了移民网络弹性。我们还发现了Facebook用户中定性调查的情感支持机制的暗示证据。差异差异估计表明,大学出勤率可增长20%的网络规模和多样性。综上所述,我们的数据表明 - 通过降低有效的移动成本 - 增加整个空间的社会联系可能会带来可观的经济增长。

This paper studies the role of social networks in spatial mobility across India. Using aggregated and de-identified data from the world's largest online social network, we (i) document new descriptive findings on the structure of social networks and spatial mobility in India; (ii) quantify the effects of social networks on annual migration choice; and (iii) embed these estimates in a spatial equilibrium model to study the wage implications of increasing social connectedness. Across millions of individuals, we find that multiple measures of social capital are concentrated among the rich and educated and among migrants. Across destinations, both mobility patterns and social networks are concentrated toward richer areas. A model of migration suggests individuals are indifferent between a 10% increase in destination wages and a 12-16% increase in destination social networks. Accounting for networks reduces the migration-distance relationship by 19%. In equilibrium, equalizing social networks across locations improves average wages by 3% (24% for the bottom wage-quartile), a larger impact than removing the marginal cost of distance. We find evidence of an economic support mechanism, with destination economic improvements reducing the migration-network elasticity. We also find suggestive evidence for an emotional support mechanism from qualitative surveys among Facebook users. Difference-in-difference estimates suggest college attendance delivers a 20% increase in network size and diversity. Taken together, our data suggest that - by reducing effective moving costs - increasing social connectedness across space may have considerable economic gains.

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