论文标题
淬灭量子气中的通用动态缩放和接触动力学
Universal Dynamic Scaling and Contact Dynamics in Quenched Quantum Gases
论文作者
论文摘要
最近在几个系统中观察到了通用动态缩放,它们表现出时空自相似缩放行为,类似于近相变的空间缩放。后者是由于相关长度不同而引起的连续缩放对称性。在此激励的情况下,我们研究了缩放动力学与连续缩放对称性之间的关系。我们得出一个定理,即淬灭哈密顿量和初始密度矩阵的缩放不变性可以导致淬灭动力学中的通用动态缩放。在分析和多体问题中,这两种问题在数值上都得到了证明。对于后一个,我们计算在非平衡高温病毒膨胀框架中从非互动到有限相互作用的量子气体的动力学。动量分布的动态缩放在单位性和弱相互作用极限下出现在某些动量时窗口中。值得注意的是,即使缩放对称性相当损坏,这种通用缩放动力学也大约具有较小的缩放指数。我们的发现可能提供了解释相关实验的新观点。我们还计算BEC-BCS跨界的接触动力学。令人惊讶的是,中途时间显示最大的接近单位性,而由于二聚体状态,BEC侧发生了一些阻尼振荡,可用于检测实验中可能的两体结合状态。
Recently universal dynamic scaling is observed in several systems, which exhibit a spatiotemporal self-similar scaling behavior, analogous to the spatial scaling near phase transitions. The latter arises from the emergent continuous scaling symmetry due to the divergent correlation length. Motivated by this, we investigate the relation between the scaling dynamics and continuous scaling symmetry. We derive a theorem that the scaling invariance of the quenched Hamiltonian and the initial density matrix can lead to the universal dynamic scaling in quench dynamics. It is demonstrated both in the two-body problem analytically and in the many-body problem numerically. For the latter one, we calculate the dynamics of quantum gases quenched from noninteracting to finite interaction in the framework of non-equilibrium high-temperature virial expansion. A dynamic scaling of the momentum distribution appears in certain momentum-time windows at unitarity as well as in the weak interacting limit. Remarkably, this universal scaling dynamics persists approximately with smaller scaling exponents even if the scaling symmetry is fairly broken. Our findings may offer a new perspective to interpret the related experiments. We also calculate the Contact dynamics in the BEC-BCS crossover. Surprisingly, the half-way time displays a maximum near unitarity while some damping oscillations occur on the BEC side due to the dimer state, which can be used to detect possible two-body bound states in experiments.