论文标题
轻巧的三用户安全量子求和协议，而没有基于单粒子状态的第三方
A lightweight three-user secure quantum summation protocol without a third party based on single-particle states
论文作者
论文摘要
在本文中，通过使用单粒子状态提出了轻巧的三用户安全量子求和协议，该协议可以实现一个目标，即三个用户在没有第三方的帮助的情况下将三个用户合作计算Modulo 2添加其私人消息。该协议仅需要单粒子状态而不是量子纠缠状态作为初始量子资源，并且仅需要单粒子测量和铃铛基础测量。该协议不需要任何量子纠缠交换，保利操作，受控的 - 不（CNOT）操作，Hadamard Gate或预共享的私钥序列。安全分析证明，该协议既可以防止外部攻击和参与者攻击。与现有的二维三用户量子求和协议相比，该协议或多或少地利用了它们在初始量子资源，用户的量子测量，量子纠缠交换的使用，Pauli操作的使用，CNOT操作的使用或Hadamard Gate的使用方面利用它们。
In this paper, a lightweight three-user secure quantum summation protocol is put forward by using single-particle states, which can accomplish the goal that three users cooperate together to calculate the modulo 2 addition of their private messages without the help of a third party. This protocol only requires single-particle states rather than quantum entangled states as the initial quantum resource, and only needs single-particle measurements and Bell basis measurements. This protocol needs none of quantum entanglement swapping, the Pauli operations, the controlled-not (CNOT) operation, the Hadamard gate or a pre-shared private key sequence. Security analysis proves that this protocol is secure against both the outside attacks and the participant attacks. Compared with the existing two-dimensional three-user quantum summation protocols, this protocol more or less takes advantage over them on the aspects of the initial quantum resource, users' quantum measurement, the usage of quantum entanglement swapping, the usage of Pauli operations, the usage of CNOT operation or the usage of Hadamard gate.
