论文标题
务实的约束和代词参考歧义：可能和不可能的
Pragmatic constraints and pronoun reference disambiguation: the possible and the impossible
论文作者
论文摘要
理解文本和话语中的代词歧义通常需要应用一般务实知识和特定于上下文的信息。在AI和语言学研究中，在附近的前面文本中明确说明了参考文献的情况下，这主要是研究了这一点。但是，自然文本中的代词通常是指仅在上面隐含地提到的实体，收藏或事件。在这种情况下，需要使用务实的知识来消除歧义变得更加敏锐，并且知识的特征变得更加困难。有时扩展的文学文本有时采用极其复杂的参考模式，也采用了极为丰富和微妙的知识形式。确实，有时可能有一个代词与文本中的指称分开。在相反的方向上，代词的使用受到注意的重点和形式约束的影响，例如对平行句法结构的偏爱。这些可能是如此强大，以至于没有务实的知识足以推翻它们。
Pronoun disambiguation in understanding text and discourse often requires the application of both general pragmatic knowledge and context-specific information. In AI and linguistics research, this has mostly been studied in cases where the referent is explicitly stated in the preceding text nearby. However, pronouns in natural text often refer to entities, collections, or events that are only implicitly mentioned previously; in those cases the need to use pragmatic knowledge to disambiguate becomes much more acute and the characterization of the knowledge becomes much more difficult. Extended literary texts at times employ both extremely complex patterns of reference and extremely rich and subtle forms of knowledge. Indeed, it is occasionally possible to have a pronoun that is far separated from its referent in a text. In the opposite direction, pronoun use is affected by considerations of focus of attention and by formal constraints such as a preference for parallel syntactic structures; these can be so strong that no pragmatic knowledge suffices to overrule them.
