论文标题
自由浮动的行星,爱因斯坦沙漠和'Oumuamua
Free-Floating Planets, the Einstein Desert, and 'Oumuamua
论文作者
论文摘要
我们完成了2016 - 2019年kmtnet微透镜数据的有限源/点透镜(FSPL)巨型源事件的调查。 30个FSPL事件显示了爱因斯坦半径的明显差距,$ 9 \,μ{\ rm as} <θ_{\ rm e} <26 \,μ{\ rm as} $,与Einstein Timecales在$ t _}接近$ t _ simro的差距一致。 (2017)在点源/点透镜(PSPL)事件的独立样本中。我们证明了这两个调查是一致的。我们估计,此差距下面的4个事件是由于候选自由浮动行星(FFPS)$ dn _ {\ rm ffp}/d \ log m =(0.4 \ pm 0.2)\,(m/38 m_ \ oplus) FFP的FFP比已知的绑定行星要多得多,这意味着绑定的行星幂律指数$γ= 0.6 $可能至少由弹出过程所影响,至少与地层一样多。太阳邻域中FFP的每十年的质量密度与类似oumuamua的物体的质量密度相同。特别是,如果我们假设'Oumuamua是将FFPS弹出到非常宽或未结合轨道的同一过程的一部分,则幂律索引为$ p = 0.92 \ pm 0.06 $。如果太阳系在海王星样轨道中的海王星质量物体的赋形剂是典型的,这与Poleski等人的结果一致。 (2021),然后这些可以占海王星质量范围内FFP的很大一部分。
We complete the survey for finite-source/point-lens (FSPL) giant-source events in 2016-2019 KMTNet microlensing data. The 30 FSPL events show a clear gap in Einstein radius, $9\,μ{\rm as}<θ_{\rm E} <26\,μ{\rm as}$, which is consistent with the gap in Einstein timescales near $t_{\rm E}\sim 0.5\,$days found by Mroz et al. (2017) in an independent sample of point-source/point-lens (PSPL) events. We demonstrate that the two surveys are consistent. We estimate that the 4 events below this gap are due to a power-law distribution of free-floating planet candidates (FFPs) $dN_{\rm FFP}/d\log M = (0.4\pm 0.2)\,(M/38 M_\oplus)^{-p}$/star, with $0.9\lesssim p \lesssim 1.2$. There are substantially more FFPs than known bound planets, implying that the bound planet power-law index $γ=0.6$ is likely shaped by the ejection process at least as much as by formation. The mass density per decade of FFPs in the Solar neighborhood is of the same order as that of 'Oumuamua-like objects. In particular, if we assume that 'Oumuamua is part of the same process that ejected the FFPs to very wide or unbound orbits, the power-law index is $p=0.92\pm 0.06$. If the Solar System's endowment of Neptune-mass objects in Neptune-like orbits is typical, which is consistent with the results of Poleski et al. (2021), then these could account for a substantial fraction of the FFPs in the Neptune-mass range.