论文标题
单电子注入频率转换频率的最终精度
Ultimate accuracy of frequency to power conversion by single-electron injection
论文作者
论文摘要
从理论上讲，我们分析了最近引入的频率转换器到功率的转换器的特性。该系统由带有正常岛和超导铅的混合单电子盒组成，并使用普通金属钢计上的温度计检测能量流量。在这里，我们认为它的计量潜力。权力误差主要来自于等于超导体能量间隙的精确能量的不准确性。我们计算出注射电子及其累积物的过量平均能量的形式的主要系统误差，这是由于亚间隙泄漏所致。我们通过分析和数值计算证明，原则上，检测中的系统误差可以比注射误差要小得多，而且在适当的系统参数中，在足够低的温度下，这些误差也可能很小，<1％。最后，我们提出了用于计量目的的简化配置。
We analyze theoretically the properties of the recently introduced and experimentally demonstrated converter of frequency to power. The system is composed of a hybrid single-electron box with normal island and superconducting lead, and the detector of the energy flow using a thermometer on a normal metal bolometer. Here we consider its potential for metrology. The errors in power arise mainly from inaccuracy of injecting electrons at the precise energy equal to the energy gap of the superconductor. We calculate the main systematic error in form of the excess average energy of the injected electrons and its cumulants, and due to sub-gap leakage. We demonstrate by analytic and numerical calculations that the systematic error in detection can, in principle, be made much smaller than the injection errors, which also, with proper choice of system parameters, can be very small, < 1 %, at low enough temperature. Finally we propose a simplified configuration for metrological purposes.
