论文标题

对机器学习部署环境中基于流程的编程的经验评估

An Empirical Evaluation of Flow Based Programming in the Machine Learning Deployment Context

论文作者

Paleyes, Andrei, Cabrera, Christian, Lawrence, Neil D.

论文摘要

随着数据驱动技术的扩展,软件工程师更经常面临着使用数据驱动方法(例如机器学习(ML)算法)解决业务问题的任务。大型软件系统中ML的部署带来了标准工程实践未针对的新挑战,因此企业观察到了ML部署项目失败的高率。面向数据的体系结构(DOA)是一种新兴方法,可以在应对此类挑战时支持数据科学家和软件开发人员。但是,关于如何在实践中实施DOA系统缺乏清晰度。本文建议将基于流程的编程(FBP)视为创建DOA应用程序的范例。我们在ML部署的背景下对代表典型数据科学项目的四个应用程序进行经验评估FBP。我们使用面向服务的体系结构(SOA)作为比较的基线。评估是在不同的应用领域,ML部署阶段和代码质量指标上进行的。结果表明,FBP是数据收集和数据科学任务的合适范式,并且与SOA相比,可以简化数据收集和发现。我们讨论了FBP的优势以及需要解决的差距,以提高FBP的采用作为DOA的标准设计范式。

As use of data driven technologies spreads, software engineers are more often faced with the task of solving a business problem using data-driven methods such as machine learning (ML) algorithms. Deployment of ML within large software systems brings new challenges that are not addressed by standard engineering practices and as a result businesses observe high rate of ML deployment project failures. Data Oriented Architecture (DOA) is an emerging approach that can support data scientists and software developers when addressing such challenges. However, there is a lack of clarity about how DOA systems should be implemented in practice. This paper proposes to consider Flow-Based Programming (FBP) as a paradigm for creating DOA applications. We empirically evaluate FBP in the context of ML deployment on four applications that represent typical data science projects. We use Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) as a baseline for comparison. Evaluation is done with respect to different application domains, ML deployment stages, and code quality metrics. Results reveal that FBP is a suitable paradigm for data collection and data science tasks, and is able to simplify data collection and discovery when compared with SOA. We discuss the advantages of FBP as well as the gaps that need to be addressed to increase FBP adoption as a standard design paradigm for DOA.

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