论文标题
宇宙各个组成部分的熵
Entropies of the various components of the universe
论文作者
论文摘要
在这项工作中，我们研究了宇宙学背景下的光子，灰尘（重型物质），暗物质和暗能量的熵。当这些成分随宇宙自由扩展时，我们从统计的角度来计算每个组件的熵和特定熵。在特定的假设和条件下，这些成分的熵可以独立满足热力学的第二定律。我们的计算表明，除了光子外，在宇宙的扩展过程中，物质的特定熵不能是常数。当这些组件与时空背景相互作用时，可能存在颗粒产生的现象（歼灭）。我们研究了相互作用对这些成分熵的影响，并获得确保每个组件熵满足热力学的第二定律的条件。
In this work, we study the entropies of photons, dust (baryonic matter), dark matter, and dark energy in the context of cosmology. When these components expand freely with the universe, we calculate the entropy and specific entropy of each component from the perspective of statistics. Under specific assumptions and conditions, the entropies of these components can satisfy the second law of thermodynamics independently. Our calculations show that the specific entropy of matter cannot be a constant during the expansion of the universe except for photons. When these components interact with the space-time background, there could exist the phenomenon of particle production (annihilation). We study the influence of the interaction on the entropies of these components, and obtain the conditions guaranteeing that the entropy of each component satisfies the second law of thermodynamics.
