论文标题
与控制即兴的多样性和成本限制的随机合成
Randomized Synthesis for Diversity and Cost Constraints with Control Improvisation
论文作者
论文摘要
在许多综合问题中,生成不仅满足功能约束的实现至关重要,而且还可以随机地改善多样性,鲁棒性或不可预测性。最近提供的控制即兴演奏框架(CI)为遵守强度和软约束的随机系统的正确构建合成提供了技术。但是,先前关于CI的工作重点是定性规格,而在机器人计划和其他领域,我们通常具有定量质量指标,可以相互交易。例如,巡逻安全机器人的设计师可能想知道需要增加多少平均巡逻时间,以确保机器人路线的特定方面足够多样化,因此无法预测。在本文中,我们可以通过概括CI问题来支持定量软约束,从而构建了这种应用程序,该限制给定成本函数的预期值以及随机性约束,这些约束强制实施相对于给定标签函数的生成痕迹的多样性。我们建立了标记为定量CI问题的基本理论,并在按有限自动机对规范编码时开发有效算法来解决它们。我们还基于针对可编码为布尔公式的任何规范的约束解决方案提供了近似即兴算法。我们通过实验来证明我们的问题制定和算法的实用性,以应用它们来为机器人计划问题生成各种近乎最佳的计划。
In many synthesis problems, it can be essential to generate implementations which not only satisfy functional constraints but are also randomized to improve variety, robustness, or unpredictability. The recently-proposed framework of control improvisation (CI) provides techniques for the correct-by-construction synthesis of randomized systems subject to hard and soft constraints. However, prior work on CI has focused on qualitative specifications, whereas in robotic planning and other areas we often have quantitative quality metrics which can be traded against each other. For example, a designer of a patrolling security robot might want to know by how much the average patrol time needs to be increased in order to ensure that a particular aspect of the robot's route is sufficiently diverse and hence unpredictable. In this paper, we enable this type of application by generalizing the CI problem to support quantitative soft constraints which bound the expected value of a given cost function, and randomness constraints which enforce diversity of the generated traces with respect to a given label function. We establish the basic theory of labelled quantitative CI problems, and develop efficient algorithms for solving them when the specifications are encoded by finite automata. We also provide an approximate improvisation algorithm based on constraint solving for any specifications encodable as Boolean formulas. We demonstrate the utility of our problem formulation and algorithms with experiments applying them to generate diverse near-optimal plans for robotic planning problems.