论文标题

迈向可解释的元疗法:采矿替代健身模型,以实现变量的重要性

Towards Explainable Metaheuristic: Mining Surrogate Fitness Models for Importance of Variables

论文作者

Singh, Manjinder, Brownlee, Alexander E. I., Cairns, David

论文摘要

元疗法搜索算法寻找最大化或最小化一组目标(例如成本或性能)的解决方案。但是,大多数实际优化问题包括具有复杂约束和相互冲突目标的非线性问题。 GA到达溶液的过程在很大程度上无法解释到最终用户。一个知之甚少的解决方案将抑制用户对解决方案的信心。我们建议对强烈影响解决方案质量及其关系的变量的调查将是提供元硫素化提出的近乎最佳解决方案的一步。通过使用四个基准问题,我们使用遗传算法(GA)生成的种群数据来训练替代模型,并通过替代模型研究搜索空间的学习。我们比较了替代人在第一代人的人群数据中受过培训后所学的知识,并将其与对所有世代的人口数据培训的替代模型进行了对比。我们表明,替代模型会挑选出该问题的关键特征,因为它经过了每一代人的人群数据的培训。通过挖掘替代模型,我们可以构建GA学习过程的图片,从而解释GA提出的解决方案。目的是建立对最终用户对GA提出的解决方案的信任和信心,并鼓励采用模型。

Metaheuristic search algorithms look for solutions that either maximise or minimise a set of objectives, such as cost or performance. However most real-world optimisation problems consist of nonlinear problems with complex constraints and conflicting objectives. The process by which a GA arrives at a solution remains largely unexplained to the end-user. A poorly understood solution will dent the confidence a user has in the arrived at solution. We propose that investigation of the variables that strongly influence solution quality and their relationship would be a step toward providing an explanation of the near-optimal solution presented by a metaheuristic. Through the use of four benchmark problems we use the population data generated by a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to train a surrogate model, and investigate the learning of the search space by the surrogate model. We compare what the surrogate has learned after being trained on population data generated after the first generation and contrast this with a surrogate model trained on the population data from all generations. We show that the surrogate model picks out key characteristics of the problem as it is trained on population data from each generation. Through mining the surrogate model we can build a picture of the learning process of a GA, and thus an explanation of the solution presented by the GA. The aim being to build trust and confidence in the end-user about the solution presented by the GA, and encourage adoption of the model.

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