论文标题

用于处理量子机中串扰的协同编译工作流程

A Synergistic Compilation Workflow for Tackling Crosstalk in Quantum Machines

论文作者

Hua, Fei, Jin, Yuwei, Li, Ang, Liu, Chenxu, Wang, Meng, Chen, Yanhao, Zhang, Chi, Hayes, Ari, Stein, Samuel, Guo, Minghao, Huang, Yipeng, Zhang, Eddy Z.

论文摘要

近期量子系统往往很吵。串扰噪声已被认为是超导噪声中间尺度量子(NISQ)设备的几种主要噪声之一。串扰源于附近Qubits上的两Q Qubit门的同时执行,例如\ texttt {cx}。与单独运行相比,它可能会大大提高门的错误率。可以通过调度或硬件机调节来减轻串扰。但是,通常在编译过程中,通常在完成硬件映射之后,先前的科学研究在汇编过程中真正的后期进行了串扰。同时,它可能会错过优化算法逻辑,路由和串扰的巨大机会。在本文中,我们通过在很早的汇编阶段同时考虑所有这些因素来推动信封。我们提出了一个称为CQC的串扰感知量子程序编译框架,该框架可以增强串扰缓解措施,同时实现令人满意的电路深度。此外,我们确定了从中间表示向电路转换的机会,例如,在\ texttt {cx}阶梯构造中,在变异量子量化的eigensolvers(vqe)中\ texttt {cx}梯子构造。通过模拟和Real IBM-Q设备进行的评估表明,与最新的ART GATE调度方法相比,我们的框架可以显着降低6 $ \ times $,只有$ \ sim $ 60 \%的电路深度。特别是,对于VQE,我们使用IBMQ Guadalupe展示了49 \%的回路深度减小,而对H4分子的先前ART进行了9.6 \%的保真度改善。我们的CQC框架将在GitHub上发布。

Near-term quantum systems tend to be noisy. Crosstalk noise has been recognized as one of several major types of noises in superconducting Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. Crosstalk arises from the concurrent execution of two-qubit gates on nearby qubits, such as \texttt{CX}. It might significantly raise the error rate of gates in comparison to running them individually. Crosstalk can be mitigated through scheduling or hardware machine tuning. Prior scientific studies, however, manage crosstalk at a really late phase in the compilation process, usually after hardware mapping is done. It may miss great opportunities of optimizing algorithm logic, routing, and crosstalk at the same time. In this paper, we push the envelope by considering all these factors simultaneously at the very early compilation stage. We propose a crosstalk-aware quantum program compilation framework called CQC that can enhance crosstalk mitigation while achieving satisfactory circuit depth. Moreover, we identify opportunities for translation from intermediate representation to the circuit for application-specific crosstalk mitigation, for instance, the \texttt{CX} ladder construction in variational quantum eigensolvers (VQE). Evaluations through simulation and on real IBM-Q devices show that our framework can significantly reduce the error rate by up to 6$\times$, with only $\sim$60\% circuit depth compared to state-of-the-art gate scheduling approaches. In particular, for VQE, we demonstrate 49\% circuit depth reduction with 9.6\% fidelity improvement over prior art on the H4 molecule using IBMQ Guadalupe. Our CQC framework will be released on GitHub.

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