论文标题
超临界状态过渡的双重普遍性
Double universality of the transition in the supercritical state
论文作者
论文摘要
普遍性有助于对物理特性的一致理解。这包括了解理论预测相（固体，液体，气体）的特性如何随温度或压力变化的物质状态。在这里，我们表明，临界点上方的物质具有显着的双重普遍性，不受压力和温度的限制。第一个普遍性是在深度临界状态的动态长度尺度上特异性热量的交叉中看到的液体状状态和加油状状态之间的过渡，并以固定的反转点为特征。第二个普遍性是在许多超临界流体中的操作，包括n $ _2 $，co $ _2 $，pb，pb，h $ _2 $ 0和AR。尽管在这些流体中的结构和化学键之间存在差异，但过渡的固定反转点与超临界状态的深度相同。这提供了对先前被认为是相图中无特征区域的超临界状态的新理解，也是改进绿色和环境应用中超临界流体的理论指南。
Universality aids consistent understanding of physical properties. This includes understanding the states of matter where a theory predicts how a property of a phase (solid, liquid, gas) changes with temperature or pressure. Here, we show that the matter above the critical point has a remarkable double universality not limited by pressure and temperature. The first universality is the transition between the liquidlike and gaslike states seen in the crossover of the specific heat on the dynamical length scale in deeply supercritical state and characterised by a fixed inversion point. The second universality is the operation of this effect in many supercritical fluids, including N$_2$, CO$_2$, Pb, H$_2$0 and Ar. Despite the differences in structure and chemical bonding in these fluids, the transition has the same fixed inversion point deep in the supercritical state. This provides new understanding of the supercritical state previously considered to be a featureless area on the phase diagram and a theoretical guide for improved and more efficient deployment of supercritical fluids in green and environmental applications.
