论文标题
工会在工作中塑造政治意识形态吗？
Do Unions Shape Political Ideologies at Work?
论文作者
论文摘要
劳动工会不仅通过与雇主讨价还价来影响经济成果。在工会的工作场所中，它们可能会动员和改变工会工人及其非统一管理的意识形态立场。在本文中，我们分析了1980年至2016年在美国对工人和经理的政治竞选捐款的工作场所级别的影响。为此，我们将建立级别的工会选举数据与对联邦和地方候选人的交易级竞选贡献联系起来。使用差异差异设计，通过回归不连续测试和一种新颖的仪器变量方法验证，我们发现工会化导致竞选贡献的左右转移。工会化增加了对民主党人对共和党人的支持，不仅在工人中，而且在经理中也增加了支持，这表明这促进了两组之间的政治一致性。我们的发现不是由劳动力的组成变化所驱动的，并且在工会认证后，雇主和工会在集体谈判协议达成共识的机构中更为强大。
Labor unions influence economic outcomes not only through bargaining with employers over work contracts but also via political activities that can profoundly shape political systems. In unionized workplaces, they may mobilize and change the ideological positions of both unionizing workers and their non-unionizing management. In this paper, we analyze the workplace-level impact of unionization on workers' and managers' political campaign contributions in the United States from 1980 to 2016. To do so, we link establishment-level union election data with transaction-level campaign contributions to federal and local candidates. Using a difference-in-differences design, validated through regression discontinuity tests and a novel instrumental variable approach, we find that unionization leads to a leftward shift of campaign contributions. Unionization increases the support for Democrats relative to Republicans not only among workers but also among managers, suggesting that it fosters political alignment between the two groups. Our findings are not driven by compositional changes of the workforce and are stronger in establishments where, after union certification, the employer and union agree on a collective bargaining agreement.
