论文标题
通过完美反射的戴森球体保存阳光
Preserving the Sun from the Cold by a Perfectly Reflecting Dyson Sphere
论文作者
论文摘要
某些实体，例如人类，如果他们的环境既不太热也不太冷，则可以生存最长，而且太阳也不例外。显而易见的是，如果将太阳封闭在一个被热浴周围的热导通球内，而不是当前的中心温度，则其核燃烧的速度将更快，以便太阳持续持续较短的时间。不太明显的是，如果太阳被完美反射的球体包围，以防止其辐射逃到寒冷的空白处，那么它实际上可以持续更长的时间。在这里，我将表明，这样一个球的情况至少比当前的太阳半径大。 This naively paradoxical result is a consequence of the negative specific heat of many gravitating systems, so as the energy emitted by the sun is reflected back to increase the thermal energy, the sun expands and its central temperature goes down rather than up and reduces the nuclear burning rate, so that the sun can last much longer than five billion years, for a lifetime growing roughly exponentially with the cube root of the radius of the perfectly reflecting sphere.
Some entities, such as humans, survive longest if their environment is neither too hot nor too cold, and the sun is no exception. It is rather obvious that if the sun were enclosed inside a thermally conducting sphere surrounded by a heat bath kept much hotter than the present central temperature of the sun, its nuclear burning would occur faster, so that the sun would last for a shorter time. It is less obvious that if the sun were surrounded by a perfectly reflecting sphere to prevent its radiation from escaping to cold empty space, it could actually last longer. Here I shall show that this is the case for such a sphere at least somewhat larger than the present solar radius. This naively paradoxical result is a consequence of the negative specific heat of many gravitating systems, so as the energy emitted by the sun is reflected back to increase the thermal energy, the sun expands and its central temperature goes down rather than up and reduces the nuclear burning rate, so that the sun can last much longer than five billion years, for a lifetime growing roughly exponentially with the cube root of the radius of the perfectly reflecting sphere.
