论文标题

一种约束驱动的线植入方法:V形成作为节能策略

A Constraint-Driven Approach to Line Flocking: The V Formation as an Energy-Saving Strategy

论文作者

Beaver, Logan E., Kroninger, Christopher, Dorothy, Michael, Malikopoulos, Andreas A.

论文摘要

在过去的二十年中,对机器人羊群的研究受到了极大的关注。在本文中,我们提出了一种约束驱动的控制算法,该算法可最大程度地减少单个代理的能耗并产生新兴的V形成。随着代理之间的分散相互作用的形成出现,我们的方法对自发添加或将代理的去除是强大的。首先,我们提出了一个分析模型,用于在固定翼无人机后面的尾巴上洗涤,并得出了尾随无人机以最大化其旅行耐力的最佳空气速度。接下来,我们证明,简单地在最佳空速上飞行将永远不会导致新兴的羊群行为,并且我们提出了一种新的分散的“ Anseroid”行为,从而产生出现的V形成。我们用约束驱动的控制算法编码这些行为,该算法将每个无人机的机车能力最小化。最后,我们证明,在拟议的控制定律下将在近似V或eChelon形成中初始化的无人机会汇聚,并且我们证明了这种出现在模拟和与Crazyflie四肢旋转机队的实验中实时发生。

The study of robotic flocking has received significant attention in the past twenty years. In this article, we present a constraint-driven control algorithm that minimizes the energy consumption of individual agents and yields an emergent V formation. As the formation emerges from the decentralized interaction between agents, our approach is robust to the spontaneous addition or removal of agents to the system. First, we present an analytical model for the trailing upwash behind a fixed-wing UAV, and we derive the optimal air speed for trailing UAVs to maximize their travel endurance. Next, we prove that simply flying at the optimal airspeed will never lead to emergent flocking behavior, and we propose a new decentralized "anseroid" behavior that yields emergent V formations. We encode these behaviors in a constraint-driven control algorithm that minimizes the locomotive power of each UAV. Finally, we prove that UAVs initialized in an approximate V or echelon formation will converge under our proposed control law, and we demonstrate this emergence occurs in real-time in simulation and in physical experiments with a fleet of Crazyflie quadrotors.

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