论文标题
使用深度学习从二进制黑洞中检测和降低引力波信号
Detecting and Denoising Gravitational Wave Signals from Binary Black Holes using Deep Learning
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一个卷积神经网络,该网络在自动编码器配置中设计,该网络可以通过合并黑洞二进制文件来检测和降解天体物理引力波,比当前在Advanced Ligo(Aligo)中使用的传统基于过滤的检测快于常规匹配的基于过滤的检测速度快。神经网络体系结构使其从时频域中的数据的稀疏表示中学习,并构建了非线性映射函数,该函数将此表示形式映射到两个单独的掩码中,以进行信号和噪声,从而促进了从原始数据中分离两者的分离。这种方法是在重力波数据的2D表示中应用基于机器学习的重力波检测/denoising的第一种方法。我们将形式主义应用于检测到的第一个引力波事件,GW150914,成功地在两个检测器的结合三个阶段都成功恢复了信号。该方法进一步测试了Aligo第二次观察运行($ o2 $)的重力波数据,并在两个Aligo探测器的$ O2 $中重现了所有二进制黑洞合并。神经网络似乎已经在聚结的响声阶段发现了一种“响声”的模式,这不是传统二进制合并模板中存在的特征。该方法还可以在建模的模板之间插值和推断,并探索未模块的重力波,因此在匹配过滤的检测管道中使用的信号库中不存在。更快,有效的检测方案(例如这种方法)将具有仪器性,因为基于地面的检测器达到其设计敏感性,可能会在几个月的观察过程中导致数百种潜在的检测。
We present a convolutional neural network, designed in the auto-encoder configuration that can detect and denoise astrophysical gravitational waves from merging black hole binaries, orders of magnitude faster than the conventional matched-filtering based detection that is currently employed at advanced LIGO (aLIGO). The Neural-Net architecture is such that it learns from the sparse representation of data in the time-frequency domain and constructs a non-linear mapping function that maps this representation into two separate masks for signal and noise, facilitating the separation of the two, from raw data. This approach is the first of its kind to apply machine learning based gravitational wave detection/denoising in the 2D representation of gravitational wave data. We applied our formalism to the first gravitational wave event detected, GW150914, successfully recovering the signal at all three phases of coalescence at both detectors. This method is further tested on the gravitational wave data from the second observing run ($O2$) of aLIGO, reproducing all binary black hole mergers detected in $O2$ at both the aLIGO detectors. The Neural-Net seems to have uncovered a pattern of 'ringing' after the ringdown phase of the coalescence, which is not a feature that is present in the conventional binary merger templates. This method can also interpolate and extrapolate between modeled templates and explore gravitational waves that are unmodeled and hence not present in the template bank of signals used in the matched-filtering detection pipelines. Faster and efficient detection schemes, such as this method, will be instrumental as ground based detectors reach their design sensitivity, likely to result in several hundreds of potential detections in a few months of observing runs.