论文标题
较少对困难区域的强调:用于对流 - 扩散反应问题的课程学习
Less Emphasis on Difficult Layer Regions: Curriculum Learning for Singularly Perturbed Convection-Diffusion-Reaction Problems
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管物理知识的神经网络(PINN)已成功地应用于各种科学和工程领域,但它们可能无法准确预测在略有挑战性的对流 - 扩散反应问题中的基本解决方案。在本文中,我们从域分布的角度研究了这种失败的原因,并确定学习多尺度领域同时使网络无法进步其培训,并且很容易陷入贫穷的本地最小值。我们表明,在高损耗层区域采样更多搭配点的广泛体验几乎没有帮助优化,甚至可能会使结果恶化。这些发现激发了一种新颖的课程学习方法的发展,该方法鼓励神经网络优先考虑更容易的非层次区域学习,同时淡化在更艰难的层次区域上的学习。提出的方法有助于PINN自动调整学习重点,从而促进优化程序。典型基准方程的数值结果表明,所提出的课程学习方法减轻了PINN的失败模式,并可以为非常清晰的边界和内部层产生准确的结果。我们的工作表明,对于解决方案具有较大规模差异的方程式,对高损失区域的关注较少可能是准确学习它们的有效策略。
Although Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have been successfully applied in a wide variety of science and engineering fields, they can fail to accurately predict the underlying solution in slightly challenging convection-diffusion-reaction problems. In this paper, we investigate the reason of this failure from a domain distribution perspective, and identify that learning multi-scale fields simultaneously makes the network unable to advance its training and easily get stuck in poor local minima. We show that the widespread experience of sampling more collocation points in high-loss layer regions hardly help optimize and may even worsen the results. These findings motivate the development of a novel curriculum learning method that encourages neural networks to prioritize learning on easier non-layer regions while downplaying learning on harder layer regions. The proposed method helps PINNs automatically adjust the learning emphasis and thereby facilitate the optimization procedure. Numerical results on typical benchmark equations show that the proposed curriculum learning approach mitigates the failure modes of PINNs and can produce accurate results for very sharp boundary and interior layers. Our work reveals that for equations whose solutions have large scale differences, paying less attention to high-loss regions can be an effective strategy for learning them accurately.